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" II I I I I I I I I il I I I I I I I I I Woodward.clyde Mr, JeffBruggink u.s. Forest Service August 20, 1996 Page 3 significant for bank protection because it is less often flooded, but less easily eroded. The terrace zone can contain native grasses, forbs, shrubs, and trees that are slightly less flood tolerant than those in the bank zone. A combination of trees, shrubs, and grasses in this zone will not only serve as an integrated plant community for erosion control, but will improve wildlife habitat diversity and environmental benefits. Revel!'etation Techniaues The entire streambank should be restored and revegetated to furnish a maximum array of plants capable of providing proper ground cover for erosion protection, wildlife habitat, and environmental benefits, Within Buffalo Creek, the planting sites or zones may be quite narrow in width or difficult to distinguish, The entire bank in these cases should be treated as a systematic arrangement of plants and treatment practices. The solash zone should be planted primarily with reeds, rushes, sedges, and other semi- aquatic plants, This zone cannot be successfully planted by seeding since the zone is inundated most of the year. Transplanting during low water periods is the most practical approach. Three methods of transplanting are recommended: sprigging, sodding, and the use of reed rolls. Sprigging is simply just manual digging, separating, and planting of individual plant stems (sprigs) with some roots or rhizomes attached. Sprigs are placed in holes or narrow trenches so that only aerial sprouts are above the soil. Sodding is a method in which clumps of grass of herbaceous plants and soil are lifted from existing beds and transplanted to the disturbed sites. Small sections or plugs can be dug and lifted from wild land sites or nursery or greenhouse grown. The plugs are placed at a depth in the soil which allows the aerial parts of the plant to be exposed. Large rolls of sod also can be lifted and field planted on areas where surface stability is critical. Sections of sod containing reeds, reed grasses, rushes, or sedges can be dug or lifted from native plant communities using large diggers, front-end loaders, and backhoes, The sod or root mass is then transferred to the planting site and planted. Reed rolls are very good to use in the splash zone, The are constructed by combining sections of sod, rhizomes, and shoots, and enclosing them within a wire net and placing all components in a trench. Various herbaceous plants can be planted in this manner, but the method particularly lends itself to bullrushes and reed grasses. A trench about 16 inches in 96DCi0vs.t.lJLE.t98 &'19I96(3:20PM)'MKT:48 Woodward-Clyde Consultants