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<br />SOME COMPONENTS OF THE FEDERAL <br />FRAMEWORK FOR FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT <br /> <br />The Clean Water Act of 1972 . Coastal Barrier Resources Act (1982) . Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 . The <br />Dam Safety Act (1986) . The Disaster Relief Act of 1974 . The Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Amend~ <br />ments of 1988 . The Emergency \Vetlands Resources Act of 1986 . The Endangered Species Act of 1973 . Executive <br />Order 12127 (1979) . Executive Order 12148 (1977) . Executive Order 11296 (1966). Executive Order 11988 (1977) <br />. Executive Order 11990, Protection ofWetlancls . The Federal Crop Insurance Act (1980) . The Federal Insecticide, <br />Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. Federal Interagency Floodplain Management Task Force established 1975 . The <br />Federal Land Policy and rvfanagement Act of 1976 . Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 . The Flood Disaster <br />Protection Act of 1973. The Food Security Act of 1985. House Document 465, A Unifted ]llatitmd Programftr Managing <br />Flood Losses. The Housing Act of 1961 . The Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969. The Housing and Com- <br />munity Development Act of 1977. The Housing and Community Development Act of 1987 . The Land and \Vater <br />Consen!ation Fund Act (1964). The National Dam Inspection Act of 1972 . The National Environmental Policy Act <br />(1969) . The National Flood Insurance Act (1968) . The National Forest tvtanagement Act of 1976. The National <br />Historic Presetvation Act (1966). The North American \Vaterfowl Management Plan (1986). OMB Memorandum, <br />"Non!cHructural Flood Protection )"1easures and Flood Disaster Recm:ery" (1980) . The Omnibus Budget Reconcili- <br />ation Act of 1981 . The Reservoir Salvage Act of 1960. The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974. The Soil and Water <br />Resources Conservation Act of 1977 . The Tax Reform Act of 1986 . United States.Mexico Boundary Treaty ofNovem- <br />ber 23, 1970. The \-Vater Bank Act (1970) . \-Vater Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972. The \Vater Quality <br />Act of 1987. The \Vater Resources Development Act of 1974. The Water Resources Development Act of 1986. The <br />\-Vater Resources Development Act of 1990 . \Vater Resources Planning Act of 1965 . The Watershed Protection and <br />Flood Prevention Act of 1954 . The \'\'ild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968 . Flood Control Act of 1917 . Rivers and <br />Harbors Act of 1930 . Flood Control Act of 1936 <br /> <br />Several states have adopted their own statewide floodplain management <br />regulations, and in some states executive orders compel state agencies to con- <br />sider flood hazards before carrying out their activities. Several states have <br />adopted environmental policy acts that require analysis of the impacts of <br />proposed state and local actions on natural resources, including those of the <br />floodplain. Every state has an agency involved in planning, funding, or spon- <br />soring structural flood control projects. Floodplain management is further <br />accomplished through state.level regulatory and nonregulatol)' programs <br />directed at \vetlands, dune protection, restoration and protection of living <br />resources and natural areas, mapping, flood conveyance and storage, dam <br />safety, pollution control, natural crops, groundwater supply, wildlife habitat, <br />historic preservation, recreation, and shoreline management. <br /> <br />THEIDNDR <br /> <br />Local Government <br /> <br />The adoption and enforcement of local floodplain regulations is now <br />\videspread because of the National Flood Insurance Program. ~1any local <br />zoning and subdivision regulations protect the natural and cultural resources <br />of floodplains through shoreline setbacks, density limits, historic preservation <br />guidelines, or specification of compatible uses. Local governments are almost <br />exclusively responsible for local drainage and stormwater management. l\1any <br />localities participate as cosponsors of structural projects, providing a small <br />financial contribution to the cost of the works. Some localities have coastal <br />management programs within a state framework, and some states provide for <br />local application of state controls, usually established under legislation geared <br />toward multiple goals like protection of wildlife and sensitive shoreland areas, <br />or erosion control. Some communities have developed multihazard emergency <br />preparedness or operations plans. <br /> <br />In 1987 the United Nations General Assemb&' <br />dedmed 19.90 to 2000 AD as the Internati.onal <br />Demm jor /Vatural Disaster Ri:duction (IDNDR). <br />It is antiriPaud tlint this aSI"er;sment will provirk <br />lLfl,/ul input t.o the United Sl4ies program jar <br />the Decatk. <br /> <br />Regional Entities <br /> <br />Regional entities can be extremely effective in managing floodplains, <br />whose boundaries typically do not conform to traditional governmental juris- <br />dictions. Special districts are the most numerous and fastest-growing type of <br />governmental entity in the country; nearly one-quarter of them have natural <br />resource functions-soil and water conservation, drainage and flood control, <br />and sewerage. The nation's 3,000 counties also have floodplain management <br />functions, including stonn drainage, land acquisition, flash flood warning, <br />emergency response, land use planning, and building regulation (usually of <br />unincorporated areas). Kearly 3,000 conservation districts exist, covering more <br /> <br />- <br />29 <br /> <br />