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<br />110 <br /> <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br />. <br /> <br />Executive Summary. continued <br /> <br />and preparation. Fortunately for these communities, assistance is often available through <br />expert tree services, utility companies, and other communities. Medium- and large-sized communities <br />usually have a public works department, but mayor may not have a municipal tree program. Two <br />examples of mitigation plans, one for medium-sized communities and one for large-sized communities, <br />are presented in detail in this publication. <br /> <br />After a natural disasters has occurred, a variety of community replanting or regreening opportunities exist. <br />Key players to regreening include: volunteers, community leaders, elected officials, as well as extension <br />service experts, urban foresters, state and local natural resource professionals, consulting foresters, private <br />tree care firms, and state and national professional organizations. It is critical that regreening efforts focus <br />on planting the right tree in the right location. <br /> <br />National awards such as Tree City USA and the Tree City Growth Award encourage communities to <br />manage their urban forest to maintain its health, beauty and safety. State and local awards are often also <br />available. Recognition at all levels (national, state, and local) for the community and its citizens is an <br />essential element to maintaining urban forestry interest and support. <br /> <br />When working with state and federal disaster relief organizations, local officials must understand the <br />response and recovery process. Initial activities are emphasized at the local level. If additional assistance <br />is needed, local authorities will contact State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA) officials to have the <br />impacted area declared as a disaster. If necessary, SEMA officials may contact Federal Emergency <br />Management Agency (FEMA) officials for federal disaster declaration. For co!T1munities seeking financial <br />assistance for tree-related costs, it is critical that these communities show a commitment to managing their <br />tree resources. Also vital, is a tree inventory that includes statistics on tree values. <br /> <br /> <br />A case study of the August 1990 tornado that struck several northeastern 1I1inois communities discusses <br />initial response activities, including the development of a Tornado ReLeaf organization, public education <br />opportunities, fund raising, and assistance activities. The effort to regreen these communities was a public <br />and private partnership. As such, regreening activities were completed on public right-of-ways, as well as <br />on private lands. <br /> <br />Insights from Hurricane Andrew illustrate how devastating a natural disaster can be to a highly urbanized <br />area. Much of the hurricane related damage, unfortunately, was the result of poorly located trees, poor <br />species selection and improper maintenance. <br />