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<br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />A. General <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />Water surface profiles have been computed for the study reach for <br /> <br /> <br />5-, 10-, 50-, 100- and 500-year frequency floods. These flows are listed <br /> <br /> <br />1n Table-4 already presented on page 32. <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />The hydraulic characteristics of the study reach were documented based <br />on two separate field investigations. Culvert and bridge geometry, channel <br />and overbank roughness coefficeints, flow obstructions, and the overall <br />characteristics of the area were assessed during these investigations. <br />The Manning's roughness coefficients used in the hydraulic analysis were <br />documented in a separate report prepared as part of the technical addendum. <br />Photographs were included in the report to support the recommended values. <br />Recommended roughness coefficients ranged from 0.030 to 0.060 for the <br />channel and from 0.040 to 0.070 for the overbank areas. <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />B. Procedures <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />The water surface elevations for the 5-, 10-, 50-, 100- and 500-year <br /> <br /> <br />floods were computed using the Corps of Engineers HEC-2 Step Backwater <br /> <br /> <br />Computer Program. This program utilizes a solution to the one-di~ensional <br /> <br /> <br />energy equation to determine the shape of the profile between control <br /> <br /> <br />section where the water surface elevation is known or can be assumed. The <br /> <br /> <br />procedure for a steady flow profile calculation is called the "Standard <br /> <br /> <br />Step Method." In this method, the distance from a downstream or upstream <br /> <br /> <br />point, where the conditions are known, to the point where the backwater effects <br /> <br /> <br />are to be determined, is divided into reaches by cross sections at fixed <br /> <br /> <br />locations along the river. Starting from one control point, calculations <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />36 <br />