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I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Flood Proofing- Flood proofing is additions or improvements to an existing structure which would prevent or decrease flood damage. Such improvements can be grouped in four categories: -Temporary and permanent closures for openings in existing structures -Raising existing structures -Constructing small walls or levees around structures -Rearranging or protecting damageable property within a structure. Flood proofing is accomplished on a structure by structure basis since the type and 'extent of flood proofing required depends upon the specific circumstances. A detailed discussion of the several types of flood proofing, the advantages and disadvantages, and some approximate cost data is contained in Reference J. The costs of flood proofing structures in the DF A 0054 floodplain would be the responsibility of individual property owners. This alternative was examined principally in Reach 2, where a single residence is subjected to innundation by the 50 and 100 year floods. Flood Insurance Flood insurance is unique among the non-structural measures available to com- munities because it does not reduce flood damages or provide a measure of safety to residents. It is, instead, a measure an individual property owner can take to indemnify himself from losses suffered during a flood. Flood insurance is available to all persons in all of the communities involved in this study since all are participating communities in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Federal Insurance Administration. Insurance is available for both structure and contents; however, residential property not covered by insurance includes: Fences, retaining walls, seawalls, outdoor swimming pools, bulkheads, wharves, piers, bridges, docks; other open structures located on or partially over water; or personal property in the open. Land values; lawns, trees, shrubs or plants, growing crops, or livestock; underground structures or underground equipment, and those portions, of walks, driveways and other paved surfaces outside the foundation walls of the structure. Accounts, bills, currency, deeds, evidences of debt, money, securities, bullion, manuscripts or other valuable papers or records, numismatic or philatelic property. Animals, birds, fish, aircraft, motor vehicles (other than motorized equipment pertaining to the service of the premises and not licensed for highway use), trailers on wheels, watercraft including their furnishings and equipment. Flood Insurance is part of every alternative solution in that the opportunity to purchase such insurance is always available. While the capital outlay by local governments would be minimal, the disadvantages of relying solely on flood insurance are that none of the potential flood hazards would be mitigated. This is true to some degree for nearly all the non-structural alternatives considered in this analysis as well, and should be kept in mind when considering non-structural flood control measures for implementation on DFA 0054. V-4