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<br /> <br />regulatory jurisdiction. The specific hazard at a site is determined by case-by-case analy- <br /> <br /> <br />sis as individual permit applications are submitted. <br /> <br /> <br />Relatively large scale maps (at least 1 inch = 1000 feet) are usually needed for zon- <br /> <br /> <br />ing urban high risk areas. Smaller scales may be sufficient for rural settings, A frequency <br /> <br />analysis of the hazard is desirable to identify the extent of the 100-year event. <br /> <br /> <br />Historical data and other readily available information can be used to identify <br /> <br /> <br />high risk areas if engineering studies are not available or cannot be undertaken due to <br /> <br />time limitations or inadequate budget. Request assistance in mapping from the U.S. Army <br /> <br /> <br />Corps of Engineers, U.S. Soil Conservation Service, the Federal 'Emergency Management <br /> <br /> <br />Agency or the U.S. Geological Survey. Your state floodplain management program may <br /> <br /> <br />also help. <br /> <br />Step Four: Prepare Plans <br /> <br />A plan provides the background for future public and private decisions which can <br /> <br /> <br />be made to reduce flood risk. Regulations are one way of implementing plans. Plans and <br /> <br /> <br />regulations are developed in similar ways, using technical information to apply policies to <br /> <br /> <br />local conditions. <br /> <br /> <br />Plans for reducing flood risk can take several forms: <br /> <br /> <br />-- Land use or development plans; <br /> <br />u Evacuation and other emergency operation plans; <br /> <br /> <br />-- Drainage and watershed management plans; <br /> <br />-- Acquisition and/or relocation plans. <br /> <br /> <br />The form and content of the plans needed for your community will depend upon <br /> <br /> <br />the nature and extent of high risk flooding and possible solutions. <br /> <br />Step Five: Prepare and Adopt Regulations <br /> <br />With the exception of some coastal velocity zones and flood ways, normal regula- <br /> <br />tions usually underestimate the hazard in high risk areas and therefore do not require <br /> <br /> <br />adequate protection measures. Amendments or new ordinances are often needed, In some <br /> <br /> <br />instances, such as ice jam flooding, the protection elevations must be increased. In others, <br /> <br /> <br />the management approaches must be changed. For example, elevation of structures on <br /> <br />pilings does not provide flood protection from long-term lake level fluctuations unless <br /> <br /> <br />roads and utilities are also elevated and the pilings and structures arc designed for <br /> <br /> <br />permanent or semi-permanent inundation. <br /> <br />B-9 <br />