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<br />CHAPTER I <br />INTRODUCTION <br /> <br />" <br /> <br />Drainage and flood control problems in an urban region are a direct <br />result of human interference with normal drainage patterns. In a <br />growing metropolitan area, the thrust of drainage solutions should be in <br />two basic directions, prevention and remedial works. <br />Preventive activities take the form of flood plain management to- <br />gether with good planning. As rural areas urbanize, flood plains can be <br />developed in such a manner so as to preclude or minimize future damages <br />and problems from flooding. Also, as development takes place, adequate <br />local drainage should be provided along with streets, roads, schools, <br />parks and other public amenities, a function of good planning and imple- <br />mentation. <br /> <br /> <br />Situations that require remedial action are those where flood plains <br /> <br /> <br />have been occupied and poorly developed and where local drainage problems <br /> <br /> <br />have not been adequately considered and handled. In these cases, posi- <br /> <br /> <br />tive steps are needed, usually by a public agency, to remove the hazard <br /> <br /> <br />or alleviate the inconvenience caused by flooding. <br /> <br /> <br />Drainage and flood control activities can be placed into structural <br /> <br /> <br />and non-structural categories. Structural activities incorporate both <br /> <br /> <br />preventive and remedial categories and include installation of storm <br /> <br /> <br />sewers, culverts, inlets, adequate curb and gutter, channelization and <br /> <br />detention facilities. Non-structural activities also overlap both pre- <br /> <br /> <br />ventive and remedial functions and include flood plain management (pre- <br /> <br /> <br />ventive), flood plain warning (remedial), and flood insurance (remedial). <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />9 <br />