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<br />EM 1110-2-1913 <br />31 Mar 78 . <br /> <br />Table 2-5. Preliminary Appraisal of Foundation Strengths <br /> <br />Method Remarks <br /> <br />1. Split-spoon penetration <br />resistance <br /> <br />2, Natural vater content of <br />disturbed or general <br />type sa.mples <br /> <br />3. Hand exa.mination of dis- <br />turbed samples <br /> <br />4, Position of natural vater <br />contents'relative to <br />liquid and plastic <br />limi ts <br /> <br />5. Torvane or pocket <br />penetrometer tests on <br />intact portions of <br />general sa.mples or on <br />valls of test trenches <br /> <br />l-a. Unconfined compressive strength, <br />tsf, of clay is about liB of number of <br />blovs per foot, or NIB , but consid- <br />erable scatter must be expected, <br />Generally not helpful vhere N is low <br /> <br />l-b, In sands, N values less than <br />about 15 indicate lov relative densi- <br />ties, N values should not be used to <br />estimate relative densities for earth- <br />quake design <br /> <br />2. Useful vhen considered vith soil <br />classification, and previous experi- <br />ence is available <br /> <br />3. Useful vhere experienced personnel <br />are available vho are skilled in <br />estimating soil shear strengths <br /> <br />4-a. Useful vhere previous experience <br />is available' <br /> <br />4-b. If natural vater content is close <br />to plastic limit foundation shear <br />strength should be high <br /> <br />4-c. Natural vater contents near liquid <br />limit indicate sensitive soils usually <br />vith lov shear strengths <br /> <br />5. Easily performed and inexpensive but <br />results may be lov; useful for pre- <br />liminary strength classifications <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />2-10 <br /> <br />. <br />