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<br />can take place when areas that had been mappe<fb{approximate analysi~'iu:j}/~xperiencing
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<br />development sufficient to warrant detailed stus"i,when problems in the p(J.gfnal mapping process
<br />are identified, or when changes take place ~ln the watershed or flo<[iiplain that alter the
<br />floodplain definition. /:/ /> /
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<br />FEMA-funded studies/resJtf4~s can be divided int.o-;rn-ee types: studies/restudieSi"~/'
<br />Limited Mall Maintenance prSJS'iam (h~P), and E~~g Data Studies (XDS). ,,/</,<
<br />Studies/reswdies generate,.n;'~; compreRetisive, cJer~ired analysis or reanalysis of/tJc.r6d h~z'ards
<br />for single of multiple\Jl~Oding sources or ~.ei1tiri"watershed. Once a need i/s1jie;;'tified, a ~h\d~ /
<br />contractor,ls select~}hrough a competitive process, which takes approxiJ;I$ely 12 months and)s ..<';>'
<br />based on,tec~i~f:therit. From the time funds are allocated to produc?<J')l'~ffinal maps, \"y'
<br />studies/fes~~' require 58 months. The process is deliberate andl)qmres full coordination '/ ,/
<br />.'p.e:~ommunity, the region, and the study contractor. T!Je;l;Qmmunity is consulted ang.;>'
<br />vrial role in determining the scope and methodologies;used in preparing the studY}l{i/
<br />009 Additionally, the study contractor's work often ;e-,qtiires field surveys, site inyejiigations,
<br />aerial photography. Due process must be foll9Wetl to allow time for commljrti(v
<br />,entSAand'li meeting with the community, tht;~1udy contractor, and FEMA lO'present the
<br />~ stlldy and solicit community fe.e4lra~k. The community alsotn1.i"st'be given
<br />./ ---- , ,/ -' /
<br />'ennime(6 montlis)tOJlpdate or adopt.tfte necessary floodplain m~Jlgement ordinances. ,/
<br />EMA is concerned about the tltn€it take/!o process a study and is #ely exploring options to /
<br />.9-te-e~i1fe~ the stud.y process to reduce tP11~ngth of time from ig~[ification of a need for a map ,/ ",
<br />t~flIale until the revIsed map becomes effect!ye, />' "
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<br />So LMMPs are more limited in s~9pe and detait;-uj;uafy involving no more than on~/;'/
<br />'ZONE lflooding source. They are "quick fi~~s" of blatant map pr~b,lems. Each regional offi9C:hires one
<br />study contractor to conduct its LMnPs for a three-year peri~d(for architectural/~.ngilleering
<br />firms) or for one year (for federal jlgencies). The technical re",lew involves ba,sic-consistency
<br />checks'llld limited engineering r~viiew of the hydrologic and hYdtllulic an<yy;es. LMMPs are
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<br />subjec,t to the same due process ari1,compliance periods as studies{lnd~Srudies; however,
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<br />becal!se the LMMP Study Contractor.~e selected in advance and the.studies are of a limited
<br />scoP7/the proce~~tWerally much qltiC~~r. LMMPs can be~~pi~ted in 24 months from
<br />inj~ultion to the effective date of the final rh<!:l\/:/
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<br />// XDSs ustf-existing~ilQod-hazard informirttQn;ntbllshed by a state or federal agency,
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<br />,/,'usually for pUrp9Ses other th~tIP uses (for in/~jnCe, floodplain information reports) and
<br />.,,_,.w_ > require no stljdy contractor. Thef~~heckeil1ofbasic consistency and require no engineering
<br />review. XDSt are also subject to the s~'9ue process and compliance periods as studies and
<br />restudies but~e, completed within 15 mOnths from initiation to the effective date of the final.-
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<br />map. '-__---.. -------___________ / // ..___:-.::,_-_,- _~~--- ___-
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<br />NFIP map needs ~'IMntified by the communities, tb.e-~g:IQIlil1::6ffices during
<br />community assistance ';.isit( and by the NFlP state cOQr<if~6!i;;';Tlie~egional offices assign
<br />priorities to the needs ~a contract for the studiesp;-st\.(:dies,' and LMMPs. Priorities for studies,
<br />restudies, and LMMPs;are based on costsbl'fr~against benefits. The benefit is greatest
<br />where development 9r)mticIIlQ,tcJ.3i~~~fis greatest, and cost sharing by the community
<br />increases the ratio p$1Jenefiqo~i5.st./Because XDSs require no study contractors, they are
<br />. ---,,--::..seI\iaed:arrdJlU1M.d-b~.F~.JlirQ~_the TECs. Recent fiscal constraints, however, severely
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