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fighting, evacucHon, 3~d re~cu~ ~ctivitl..a which may be r"'qulr"n during e fiood e~etgency. CLOSS,\RY Of HR~IS D~v"loP"'ent ~olidss ~hil.. all regulatory controls are v~luabl.. tools in co~prehen5ive flood damage prevention planning, probably th", mo~t effective tool is in the erea of development policies. "flood conscious" govsr"mental policies that limit the sxtension of pub- lic roads, utili tie., and other eervice" into flood prone areaS oan play an important indirect role in shaping overall development. Private development often follows the extension of public servicss. By locating pcblic f~cilities ""ay fro," flood prone ~ree$, a soft- sell ~egetive influence is projected which sncouragec tho occupancy of higher ondsafer grour1d. Otheractionsthetcanbetekonby local government~l ~nit.. inciudA the preservation of floodway~ through ~rbon rone~eli providing fevoreDle t~~ ~rlju..tments to lands hold for open space was"; and m~intaining neces"ary actions for the city end county to rs~ain in the National flood Insurance Progra~. In arees of qo.~d. An ovarflo~ of l~nue, flot rlur,"clly cover"d by "ater, that are wsed or ,"sabl" uy "'e". floods h~ve two e~$antial characteris- tics! the inundation of lar1die temporarYi ar1dthBlandisedja_ cent to and inundated by overflow from a river or stream, or an oce~n, l~k~, or other body of "tanding weter. Normally, a "flood" ic coneideud as ~ny temporary rise ln streamflow or stage, bwt not the ponding of eurface w~ter, that results in significent adverse sffecte in the vicinity. Adveree effects may include damages from overflow of land areas, temporary backwater effects in sewerS and local drainage channel~, creation of wneanitery conditions or other unfavorabls situatione by deposi- tion of msteriels in stroam channc:. &~ring flood rBce~sions, rise of ground water coin~ident with increased streamflow, ~nd other problems. Flood Crest. The ~~ximu~ stags or elevation reached by the ~atsr9 of a flood at a given location. finan~e, lending institution~, both federal and privete, cen influence flood plain development by withholding ~ortgage guar~ntess or other funding from those who contemplate projects that ~ill intensify known floodprobleOls. flood Peak. The ma~imum instantaneous diochal'ga of a flood at a givenlocaUon. It usually occurs at or near the time of the flood crest. further Stud~ Continuing study and revie~ of the floodways and other areal designatione which moy be defined in connection with flood plain zoning are particularly important in ~~intaining ~ long range land use ~lanning progr~m. Community authoritiee should periodically revie~ and adjwst the provisions geuerning the use of flood pl~in lends whenever n.w information indicates a change in their flood potentid. flood Plain. The relatively flat area or lowlands "djoining the Channel of a riuer, stream or w~tercourse, or ocean, lake, or other body of standing water, which has besn or may be covered by flood~ater. flood Profile. A graph sho~ing the relationship of water surfoce elevation to location, the latter gsnerally expreseed as dietan~e above mouth for a otream of w~ter flowing in an open channel. It is gener~lly drown to show eurface elevation for the crest of a specific flood, but m~y be prepared for conditione ~t a givsn tims or otago. " "