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<br />
<br />threads; roots common to depth of 18 inches;
<br />strongly calcareous; clear, smooth boundary.
<br />C2g--18 to 47 inches, pale-brown (IOYR 6/3) silty
<br />clay loam, yellowish brown (IOYR 5/4) when
<br />moist; massive; hard when dry, very friable
<br />when moist; common, large, distinct, gray
<br />(IOYR 5/1) mottles; few small nests of gypsum
<br />crystals; strongly calcareous; gradual, smooth
<br />boundary.
<br />C3g--47 to 60 inches, yellowish-brown (lOYR 5/4,
<br />moist) silt loam; massive; very friable when
<br />moist; common, large, distinct, gray CIOYR
<br />5/1) mottles; strongly calcareous.
<br />
<br />The texture of the various horizons ranges from
<br />loam to silty clay loam. The depth to water table
<br />ranges from a few inches to about 3 feet.
<br />Bloom soils are associated with Las Animas soils
<br />and with wet phases of Rocky Ford soils. Bloom
<br />soils are not 50 sandy in the C horizon as the
<br />~oQrly drained Las ~nimas soils, and they a~e less
<br />well drained than Rocky Ford soils.
<br />
<br />Bloom loam (0 to 1 percent slopes) (.Bm).--This
<br />soil has the profile described as typical for the
<br />series. Its areas are elongated and up to 200 acres
<br />in size. In places there are marshy spots.
<br />The principal inclusions are Rocky Ford silty
<br />clay loam, wet, 0 to 1 percent slopes, ~nd Las
<br />Animas soils. Total inclusions account for a minor
<br />percentage of each mapped area.
<br />This soil, in some seasons, is so wet that grass
<br />cannot be grazed by livestock. Field drainage
<br />ditches are needed, but some areas lie 50 low in
<br />relation to streams that drainage outlets are not
<br />possible. The salt grasses that grow OV this soil
<br />are most palatable in spring. At this season the
<br />soil is likely to be the wettest. (Irrigated ca-
<br />pability unit IIIw-l; nonirrigated capability unit
<br />VIw-l; Salt Meadow range site)
<br />
<br />1.
<br />j
<br />
<br />Cadoma Series
<br />
<br />The Cadoma series consists of well-d~ained, clay-
<br />ey, mainly sloping soils that formed in material
<br />weathered from alkaline shale. Areas of this soi 1
<br />are in the southern part of the county on nonirri-
<br />gated uplands.
<br />In a typical profile the surface layer, about 3
<br />inches thick, is grayish-brown clay tha~ is sticky
<br />when wet. The subsoil is about 10 inches thick, and
<br />most of it is light brownish-gray silty clay. When
<br />the subsoil is dry it is extremely hard; when moist,
<br />it swells to a dense, slowly permeable mass. The
<br />light brownish-gray, gypsiferous silty clay sub-
<br />stratum, about 7 inches thick, has weathered from
<br />olive-brown alk~line shale that underlies these
<br />soi 1s at a depth Tanging fTCiII\ 20 to 40 inches.
<br />Cadoma soils have a slow intake rate, rapid sur-
<br />face runoff, and slow permeability. There is a high
<br />water erosion hazard.
<br />The entire acreage is used as range. Alkali
<br />sacaton, galleta, and blue grama are the principal
<br />grasses.
<br />
<br />~
<br />
<br />Typical profile of Cadoma clay, 2 to 12 percent
<br />slopes, in an area of range, near the center of sec.
<br />13, T. 24 S., R. 54 IV,
<br />
<br />A--O to 3 inches, grayish-brown (Z.5Y 5/2) clay,
<br />dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) when moist; mod-
<br />erate, thin, platy structure; hard when dry,
<br />friable when moist, sticky \vhen wet; strongly
<br />calcareous, pH 8.6; clear, smooth boundary.
<br />BI--3 to 7 inches, dark grayish-brown (2.SY 4/2)
<br />clay, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) when moist; weak
<br />to moderate, medium to fine, subangular blocky
<br />structure; extremely hard when dry, firm when
<br />moist; continuous clay film on vertical ped
<br />surfaces; strongly calcareous, pH 9.0; clear,
<br />smooth boundary.
<br />B2--7 to 13 inches, light brownish-gray (IOYR 6/2)
<br />silty clay, light olive brown (2,SY 5/4) when
<br />moist; weak to moderate, medium and coarse,
<br />subangulaT blccl.y stTIlctuTe:. extTem.ely haTd
<br />when dry, firm when moist; thin continuous
<br />clay film on ped surfaces; small lenses of
<br />crystalline gypsum; strongly calcareous, pH
<br />9.6; clear, smooth boundary.
<br />Ccs--13 to 20 inches, light brownish-gray (IOYR 6/2)
<br />silty claYJ light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) when
<br />moist; weakJ coarse, subangular blocky struc-
<br />ture; extremely hard when dry, firm when
<br />moist; thin patchy clay films on ped surfaces;
<br />shale fragments and crystalline gypsum scat-
<br />tered throughout the horizon; strongly cal-
<br />ca~eous, 'PH 8.8; clear>> s'ID.oath. boundary.
<br />R--20 to 60 inches, olive-brown (2,5Y 4/4) platy
<br />shale.
<br />
<br />"..... --~-------
<br />
<br />The depth to shale ranges from 20 to 40 inches
<br />and is generally shallowest on the steeper slopes.
<br />Cadoma soils are associated with Samsil, Shingle,
<br />Penrose, Minnequa, Manzanola, and Tyrone soils.
<br />They are most like Samsil and Shingle soils. They
<br />differ from them in being deeper to shale. They
<br />are more clayey than Shingle soils.
<br />
<br />Cadoma clay, 2 to 12 percent slopes (CaD).--This
<br />soil has the profile described as typical for the
<br />series. Areas of this soil are up to 300 acres in
<br />size.
<br />The principal inclusions are Shingle loam, 1 to 9
<br />percent slopes, and the Samsil-Shale outcrop com-
<br />plex,
<br />Water intake is slow and runoff is high. The
<br />water erosion hazard is high. Areas of this soil
<br />that OCCUPy gentle slopes at the base of limestone
<br />escarpments receive additional runoff.
<br />This alkaline soil grOW5 mostly alkali sacaton,
<br />a grass with a bunchy growth habit. There is a
<br />relatively high proportion of bare surface area be-
<br />tween grass clumps. Maintaining a good grass cover
<br />will help reduce sheet and gully erosion and improve
<br />water intake. (Nonirrigated capability unit VIe-2;
<br />Alkaline Plains range site)
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