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Last modified
1/25/2010 6:26:30 PM
Creation date
10/4/2006 11:30:01 PM
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Template:
Floodplain Documents
County
Jefferson
Community
Golden
Basin
South Platte
Title
Fire-Induced Water-Repellent Soils: an Annotated Bibliography
Date
1/1/1997
Prepared For
Golden
Floodplain - Doc Type
Flood Mitigation/Flood Warning/Watershed Restoration
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<br />Campbell, R.E., Baker, M.B., Jr., Ffolliot, P.F., Larson, F.R., and Avery, C.c., 1977, <br />Wildfire effects on a pondlerosa pine ecosystem- an .Ari2 ona case study: <br />Rocky Mountain I'orest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colo., <br />U.S.D.A. Forest Sl:rvice Research Paper RM-191, 12 p. <br />This was a comprehensive study that evaluated various effects of wi ldfue on a southwestern <br />forest ecosystem. The investigaton was conducted following a 197:: wildfire :l!l a ponderosa <br />pine forest in north-central A1izona. Soils were derived from the Kaibob limestone <br />formation. Researchers establi:;hed three watersheds representin g severe and moderate <br />burns and an unburned conttol, t::> study the effects of the fIre. Bumed areas exhibited <br />significantly reduced rates of infiltration, which were attributec to fire-:l!lduced water <br />repellency and to sealing of unprotected surface soil. Water repellency in the soil was <br />evaluated by placing drops of di:;tiJled water on fresh soil cores. Data from these tests was <br />extremely variable and inconsistent between sampling dates, possibl~' due to variations in soil <br />moisture. Overall, howeve:r, resEarchers found that water repellenc~' was the most prevalent <br />in severely burned areas. Although unburned sites also contained v'ater-repellent layers, the <br />repellency was only a surface phenomenon, whereas in burned sites, the water-repellent layer <br />occurred below a wettable area. Water repellency was generally found to be inversely related <br />to soil moisture content (particularly in unburned areas). Some water repellency persisted <br />four years after the fIre in severely burned areas. Repellency also pe:'sisted more in the sandy <br />loam soils than in finer-textured soils. In addition to information }n water-repellency, this <br />paper also provides the results of soil moisture and inftltration moni Dring over the course of <br />four years after the fIre. <br /> <br />Cory,J.T., and Morris, R.J., 1969, Factors restricting infiltration rates on decomposed <br />granitic soils, in DeBano, L.P., and Letey, John, eds., vtater-repe,llent soils: <br />University of California, Riverside, May 6-10, 1968, Proceedings, p. 149-161. <br />The purpose of this investigation was to determine the extent and nature of water repellency <br />in the Carson Range of the Sierra Nevadas. Granitic (coarse-textured) soils were taken from <br />burned and unburned, brushland and pine-covered areas and Sl bjected to various heat <br />treatments. Although the fIrst :;et of experiments did not simulat e natural conditions (no <br />temperature gradients were proc.uced) they did provide infon nation with respect to <br />temperature and time effects on water-repellent properties. R.esearchers found that <br />temperatures over 6000C destl:o)'ed water repellency when ma intained for one hour. <br />Repellency reached a maximum at 200"C. In experiments that sim .1lated natural conditions <br />(intact samples were heated from the top only), researchers obse :ved that longer heating <br />times caused water-repellent layer~ to move deeper into the soil a1d increase in thickness. <br />These changes were also associated with a decrease in water repellency, Attempts to identify <br />hydrophobic compounds were inconclusive. <br /> <br />8 <br />
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