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<br />J <br />c"~'1~ <br />~, <br /> <br />~Cl <br />, <br />! <br />, <br />I <br /> <br />(2) Each routing reach may be subdivided into several steps. <br /> <br />(3) When reservoir releases are routed by nonlinear methods <br />(Modified Pu1s or Working R&D), linear approximations are used to determine <br />the reservoir releases. The actual release is then routed by the nonlinear <br />method. <br /> <br />(4) Steady state is assumed for flows prior to the first period <br />of routing. <br /> <br />f. Reservoir Routing <br /> <br />(1) Accounting method - the reservoir release is determined <br />based on desired operation, storage is equal to inflow less outflow plus <br />previous storage less evaporation (if specified). <br /> <br />(2) Surcharge routing - when the desired release is greater than <br />the physical outlet capacity, an iterative method is used to find the <br />outflow. This method provides the same results as the Modified Pu1s <br />method. <br /> <br />(3) Emergency releases - when the desired release for the current <br />period plus channel capacity releases for future periods (up to the limit <br />of foresight specified) would cause a reservoir to exceed maximum flood <br />storage in current or future periods, a release can be made for the <br />current period (up to the outlet capacity) so that the reservoir does <br />not exceed the top of flood pool in the near future. <br /> <br />g. ReservoirOperation <br /> <br />(1) Outflows can be specified for any number of reservoirs for <br />any or all time periods (providing the outlet capacity is greater than <br />the specified release) and the computer will adjust other reservoir <br />releases as necessary; otherwise the computer will determine all <br />reservoir releases. <br /> <br />I <br />! <br />i <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />(2) System operation can be made for a fewer number of time <br />intervals than are used on the flow cards. <br /> <br />(3) Effects of forecast errors can be evaluated by specifying <br />the number of forecast periods and a corresponding contingency allowance. <br /> <br />(4) Part of the system can be operated without removing the <br />remaining system cards by stopping the operation at a mainstream control <br />point (J2.9). , <br /> <br />(5) Operation can start at a different time period than that <br />specified by the first flow on the IN cards by skipping flow data (see J4.7). <br /> <br />5 <br />