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<br /> <br />I <br />l' <br />, <br /> <br />Wetland areas are fre, <br />quently part of the coa'i/al <br />ecosystem. nJey can pro' <br />vide a reservoir fbr storage <br />offloodwat~andprowa <br />again" storm-induced <br />erosion. <br /> <br />A tyPical coastal ecosystem <br />consists of heach, dunes, <br />and troughs hetween and <br />hehind the dunes. The <br />heach and dunes are the <br />more fragile components <br />of tbis environment and <br />should not he disturbed by <br />development. <br /> <br />14 <br /> <br />high tide This is known a5 a storm surge <br />The velocity and range of coastal floo(b vary in part <br />with the severity of the storm that induces them. The <br />damaging effects of coastal flooding are caused by a <br />combination of the higher water levels of the storm surge <br />and the rain, winds, waves, scour, and battering by debris. <br />The maximum intensity of a storm surge accompanies <br />high tide, so storms that persist through several tides are <br />the most severe <br />The extent and nature of coastal flooding is also re- <br />lated to physiographic features of the terrain and the <br />characteristics of the adjoining body of water Pacific <br />coastal areas are vulnerable prinCIpally to tsunamis, <br /> <br /> <br />Trough <br /> <br />Secondary Dune <br /> <br />Trough <br /> <br />Primary Dune <br /> <br />Beach <br /> <br />Ocean <br />