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<br />DOL \ AT110N <br />~-- -- <br /> <br />)&'-=?..:':::0::,-;.,,:..'::;~,~ <br />( .) TRAHCUL FLOW . Al.1.I.MAl. CtWfiEL <br /> <br />-Y- ~ <br /> <br />( b) 1'RANOUI.. FLOW. RKJI) BOUNDARY <br /> <br />OECELERATlON <br /> <br /> <br />'" <br /> <br />y~ <br /> <br /> <br />( .) RAPIl FLOW. RIQI) IlOtK>AIlY <br /> <br />: ~.;\; ::: '; ";:",: .: :.S:~':::~.:. ~":.;~ .:.:;.'; ....~.:-::.:;.~ =: ~>.:'. \ .... '.,'. . <br /> <br />. c) RAPI> FLOW . AUI.MAL CHAHNEl. <br /> <br />RELATION BETWEEN WATER SURFACE AND <br />BED CONFIGURATION <br /> <br />b. Flow regime <br /> <br />Upper flow regime - In upper flow regime, resistance to flow <br />is small and sediment transport is large. The water surface <br />is in phase with the bed surface (typically planE~ bed or <br />antidunes) <br /> <br />Lower flow regime - In lower flow regime, resistance to flow <br />is large and sediment transport is small. The water surface <br />is out of phase with the bed surface (ripples or dunes). <br /> <br />c. Effects of bedforms <br /> <br />Care must be taken in analyzing crossings of sand-bed <br />streams in order to anticipate changes that may occur in <br />bedforms and the impact that may occur from changes in <br />resistance to flow, sediment transport, and stream stability. <br /> <br />3,12 <br />