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<br />EM 111()'2-1416 <br />15 OCt 93 <br /> <br />a. Field experience. Field experience is an <br />extremely valuable asset for an engineer, yet planning <br />and design based only on experience may not yield a <br />defensible and reproducible product. Design by experi- <br />ence alone may result in inefficient 1ria1-and-error proce' <br />dures. Furthermore, the rationale for the design may be <br />lost if the person with the experience becomes <br />unavai1able. <br /> <br />b, Physical models. Application of physical models <br />has evolved inlo a dependable and reproducible <br />procedure for analyzing river hydraulics. Physical <br />modeling techniques are documented by the U.S. Depart- <br />ment of the Interior (1980), Petersen (1986), and ASCE <br />(1942). These references provide guidance for planning <br />and conducting river hydraulics slodies using physical <br />models. <br /> <br />c. Analytical procedures. Application of analytical <br />(mathematical) procedures and numerical modeling have <br />become accepted methods for analyzing river hydraulics <br />and are the focus of this manual. <br /> <br />d. River behavior. The most thorough contemporary <br />strategy for analyzing and predicting river behavior and <br />response to imposed changes combines all three of the <br />methods mentioned above; this is known as hybrid <br />modeling. <br /> <br />1.2 <br /> <br />1-7. Organization <br /> <br />Seven chapters, followed by four appendixes, delailing <br />guidelines, data requirements, and computational proce- <br />dures are presented. The chapters are: Introduction, <br />Introduction 10 River Hydraulics, Formulating Hydraulic <br />Studies, Multidimensional Flow Analysis, Unsteady <br />Flow, Steady Flow - Water Surface Profiles, and Water <br />Surface Profiles With Movable Boundaries. Guidance <br />for selecting appropriate study and design procedures is <br />given in each chapter along with examples. The order of <br />the technical chapters (4, 5, 6, and 7) is intended to show <br />how each successive approach derives from the prior <br />approach. References are in Appendix A. Appendix B <br />provides definitions of the technical tenns used through- <br />out this document. Appendix C overviews reporting <br />requirements and the development of a study work plan. <br />Appendix D gives guidance on the preparation of geo- <br />metric data and selection of energy loss coefficients <br />based upon past experience. This information is gener- <br />ally applicable to all the methods presented in this <br />manual; therefore, Appendix D should be consulted prior <br />to embarking on any river hydraulics study. This manual <br />is not intended 10 be read straight through; there is, there- <br />fore, some redundancy among Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7, and <br />Appendix D with regard 10 such items as calibration <br />procedures and parameter selection. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br />" <br /> <br />'I! <br /> <br />e <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />,. <br /> <br />e <br />