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<br />
<br />hourly increase In dt~charle of the ascending portion of the hydrograph.
<br />~ reasonable reproduction cf the actual hydro graphs was accomplished by
<br />this method of analysis.
<br />
<br />and the long duration of high water would have crossed south of the raIl-
<br />road tracks and caused higher. stages ,io all of tho downtown business area.
<br />~e additional flood stages without Jobn Martin Dam,would have caused
<br />severe flooding at lo~ned and Great..Bend,. Kansas. wbere successful flood
<br />fights prevented flooding frolll..theactual.f1ood.. Rural_andurbanfl oodtng
<br />would have been greater in the reach from Syracuse to Great Bend with mOTe
<br />land inundll.tedand greaterdeptlls offloading. TheeffecU of John Martin
<br />DAAlatGreataend,Kans.aswerefurnished,totheTulsaDistrict,Col'pSof
<br />Engineers,
<br />
<br />62. The Muskingum routing coeffldents derived from the actual
<br />hydrograph reproductions werC applied to the ~ohn Martin Reservoir in-
<br />flow hydrograph. The travel times used to route the hydrograph were
<br />adjusted tocoofoMtoth.etra'..el times of the faster secondary peaks
<br />which occurred during tho actual f1oo<l.. Since the hydrograph atJ olin
<br />Martin DaOl would have been preceded by. the actual flood, initial and
<br />infiltration loss ratos applied to the routed inflow hydro graph were
<br />reduced from the values used.to reproduce the actual flood hydrographs.
<br />This was based upon the premise that the requirements for surface de.
<br />pression storage and ground water storage would have heen practically
<br />fulfilled fromprecedlng flows. AtLamar,Colorado,wherethehydro-
<br />graph was not recorded, an estimated hydro graph was developed, using
<br />the measured peak and the downstre~m hydrographs. The routed John
<br />Martin inflow hydrograph was estimated at Lamar and combined to give
<br />,the hydrographs as shown on plate 14.
<br />
<br />63. The peak inflOW to Joh.n Martin Reservoir was about 163,000
<br />c.f.s. at 3:30 p.m. on 13 June 1965. The gates of John Martin Dam
<br />were closed at 7:30 a.m. on 17 June 1965 and the entire flood of about
<br />300,000 acre-feet was stored in the reservoir. H!!.dthisfloodcontinued
<br />downstream unimpeded, it would have caused !!.dditional dis!!.strous flooding
<br />in th.e Arkans!!.s River valley dOlfflstream from the dam. The followIng
<br />uble shows th.e l'eaks ",hich actual1y occurred compared l<ith those whIch
<br />would have occurred had there been no re~ulation by John Martin Dam.
<br />
<br />64. OTHER CORt'S OF EI1GINEEF!S PROJECTS. _ Existing Corps of Engineers
<br />projects in the watershed, other than John Martin Reservoir, are Templeton
<br />Gap Floodway at Colorado Springs, Pinon Canon Dam and Reservoir near
<br />Trinidad, and the Pueblo Floodway Leyee Extension. The Pueblo Floodway
<br />Levee Extension in Arkansas River provided protection to a small area by
<br />preventing Fountain Creek floodflows fromenterin,o: a portion ofth ec1ty.
<br />The Arkansas River was not at f100dstage in this reach. The Pinon Canon
<br />Dam and Templeton Gap Floodway were outside the major flood producing
<br />areas of the June 1965 .storm,and, consequently, had no effect on flows
<br />or damages.
<br />
<br />Statien
<br />
<br />Actual Peak unregulated Peal<
<br />Dischar,o:e(c.f.s,) Dischar.o:e(c.f.s.)
<br /> 163,000 163,000
<br /> 12,8)0 208,000
<br />, 200,000 200,000
<br />, 150,000 186,000
<br /> 92,000 139,000
<br /> 33,000 79,000
<br />
<br />6S. OTHER FLOOf) CONTROl, PRQJEC'l'S.- There arc no major flood
<br />control structures between Great Bend, Kansas and John Martin Dam other
<br />than Dep~rtment of Agriculture projects on Big Sandy, Limon, and Cimarron
<br />watersh.eds. These projects reportedly were effective in mitigating local
<br />agricultural losses; however, they had little effect on main stem flows.
<br />Important flood control structures in th.e Arkansas River Basin above
<br />John Martin Dam in Colorado inClude the Pueblo Conservancy District's
<br />PueblO Floodway and Rarrier Dam at Pueblo, Colorado, and the Fishers
<br />Peak and Carbon Arroyos project of the Department of Agriculture at
<br />Trinidad. These projects wure outside the major flood-producing !!.reas
<br />of the storm and had little effect on flows Or damages.
<br />
<br />John Martin Reservoir
<br />
<br />66. In additiO!l to the major flood control structures, there are
<br />numerous existing substandard flend protection works constructed by
<br />diverse interests. Such structures !!.te located at La Junta, Las Animas,
<br />Trinidad,Lamar, and Holly. Colorado, and Lakin, Syracuse, Garde nCity,
<br />Dod~e City, Kinsley, Lamed, an<l Great Bend, Kansas. Most of these
<br />structures had little effect on the unprecedented peak flows experienced
<br />in this flood. In some instances they magnified the effects of the flood.
<br />HoweVer, levees constructed at Las Animas, Colorado, Lamed, and Great
<br />Bend,Kansas,wereheldbydeterminedfloodf1ghts. The success in these
<br />areaswasduclnrgelytothecnnsiderahlel;lttenllationoffloodpeaksby
<br />th.e time th.ey reached th.ese points and to th.e greater time available
<br />after the first ~.arning.
<br />
<br />Lamar,Colcrado
<br />
<br />Syracuse, Kansas
<br />
<br />GardenCity,Kansas
<br />
<br />DodgeCity,Kansas
<br />
<br />"reat Bend, Kansas
<br />
<br />lEstimated (at variance with. U.S.G.S. preliminary computations)
<br />
<br />67. EXISTING PROJECTS IN TUE CANADIA!I RI1E.'? BASIN IN Ntw ."!EXICO.-
<br />
<br />Lamar, Colorado, WaS severely flooded by th.e 72,S10 c.f.s. peak that
<br />dclu..ily occurrca froln the .Iune l~I>S flood. If John Martin Dam h.nd not
<br />existed, the flood would have been disastrous. The peak of 2011, (l(l(l c. f. ~.
<br />
<br />a. to>lCha9 Peae"!"'Jo{.l'.- Conchas Reservoir is ... Corps of Engi_
<br />neerspro)<lct co"'Pleted-in 1939. The reservoir is a mtl\ti-purpose project
<br />and the conservation pool waS nearly empty at the heginning of the flood.
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