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as ISO,GOG c.f.s. A slope-area measurement on Rule Creek just bolo~ ),fuddyCreek:lndicatedapcak discharge of 276,000 c.f.s. ThIs large dIscharge WaS prohably due in part to the failure of Muddy Creok (Setchfie1d) Reservoir, a privately o~cd reservoir located on Muddy Creek,atributarytoRule,.Creek_ the dam and water WaS backed into tho sandhills to such an oxtent that another breach occurred in.the.sandy terrain about 1,000 feet wide and 30 to 40 foet deep. .Severe damages to U.S. Highway SO, AT&SFRailway, andfal'llllands were sustained. Tonsofsandnnddehris were carried into the Arkansas valley,. covering many, acres of farmland up to six feet in depth. . 27. As the flood progressed downstream through Prowers County, the flows increased with the interception. of. each additional tributary and inundated most of. the Arkansas valley, bottom. land. Near the town of Granada, Colorado, Wolf Creek contributed an estimated peak of 35,000 c.f.s. Tho levees on Wolf Creek, were breached, and the town of Granada was flooded to depths of about six feet. 22. The floo,lon Rule Creek caused.considerable hi.o:hway damage in a"nt County and destroyed about five Illiles af the.AT & 51' Railway branchline, which runs southeast framLas Animas to Springfield, Colorado. The land in this watershed is used for grazing. ~inor agri~ cultural damages resulted from sediment deposition, erosion, and fence loss. 23. John Martin Reservoir waS empty the morning of 14 June and contained over 300,000 acre-feet by the morning of 24 June. There were 164,000 acre-feet stored on 18 June, which indicates an average inflow of about 82.000 c.f.s. for the 24~hour p..riod, Both the conduit and spillway .o:ates at John Martin Oam were closed at the beginning of the flood and no releases were made from the, reservoir until 6 July. The effects of the reservoir are discussed in paragraphs 58-63. 28. Two Butte Cr..ek produced th.. initial floodwave that flowed into Kansas. This stream enters the Arkansas valley on the right bank just upstream from Holly, Colorado. The headwaters and tributaries of Two Butte Creek were near the center of the uost severe cell of the storm as sho\ffl on plate 4. The county road system and dryland farming area in the Two Butte watershed suffered extensive flood damage. Two Buttes Dam, owned by Two Buttes Irrigation Company, was overtopped and sustained serious damage. The peak discharge of Two Butte Creek about two miles west of U.S. Highway 287 WaS estimated at 22,000 c.f.s. Two Butte Creek entered the Arkansas River valley as a raging torrent with a peak discharge of 182,000 c.f.s. at abou~ 2 a.m, on 17 June. Flow from this tributary crossed the Arkansas R~ver and spread over tile valley. It flowed along the levee designed to conveyl\'ildHorse Creek (a left bank tributary) aroundlJolly,Colorado. Thequantityof flow destroyed the levees from U.S. Hiihway 50 to the Arkansas River andallowedthewatertoenterthetownofflolly. The business area of Holly was inundated by floodwaters from Two Butte Creek and the Arkansas River to depths of eight feet. At the height of the Arkansas River flood, about B a.m. on 17 June, the entire town was inundated. The flood required complete evacuation of the towndth a population of 1,100. The co~unity was cut off from all forms of transportation or communication for a period of about three days. 29. These phenomenal floodS in Coiorado produced a maximum dis- charge estimated at about 200,000 c.f.s. in the ~rkansas Rive: at the Colorado-Kansas State line. As the flood moved ~nto Kansas, ~t covered the entire Arkansas Valley floodplain and was more than two miles wide in some reaches. The town of Syracuse, Kansas, had insufficient warning of the flood and was severely damaged. The estimated peak discharge at Syracuse was about 200,000 c.f.s. The hydrograph of the Arkansas River at Syracuse is shown on plate IS. 30. The uncontrolled flow spread aCrOSS the Arkansas River valley ln western Kansas ~nundating c~ties and towns, farms, lowlands, high~ ways, and railroads. The flood peak decreased as the flow moved east- ward. T,,~ flow.which peaked a~ about lOO,OOI) c. f.s. at Syracuse .was 24, FLOOD CONDITIONS IN THE ARKANSAS RIlISR SUBBASIN BELOW JOHN MARTIN DAM. - Despite complete control of the Arkansas Rivor at John Martin Oam, tremendous inflow from tributaries in Bent and Prower! Counties bet~een the dam and the COlorado-Kansas State line produced llnprecedentedf1owsintheriverfromllolly, Colorado, to Great Bend, Kansas, even exceeding the uncontrolled 1921 flood. Caddoa and Mud Creeks,justbelowJohn.I1artin Reservoir, produced peaks OIl 17 June estimated at 35,000 c.f.s. and 98,000 c.f.s., respectively, which are greaterthananypreViollslyobserved. IlryCreek,jllstabovC!Lamar, Colorado, had a peal of 28,~JO c.f.s. The Arkansas River at Lamar peaked at 7a.m. on 17.JUM with a measured clischarge of 12,800 c.f.s. This flooded most of the city north of the railroad tracks. An esti_ matedhydrograph of the Arkansas River at Lamar is shown on plate 14 . 25. During the early mornin.o: of 17 June, Willow Creek, a normally small stream which winds its way through the Lamar City Park, discharged an estimated peak of 24.!I';)O c.f.s. The Willow Creek flood broke out of the channel and flowed northwest through Lamar, flooding most of the city south of the railroad tracks. 26. Just below Lamar, the Colorado Game, Fish, and Parks Depart. ment was co~leting a dam on Clay Creek. Rains on the upper watershed on the night of 16 June filled the newly con.t~lcted reservoir to its capacity of about 3,000 acre-feet, and it spilled. Observers stated that during the night of the 16th wacer overflowed the confines of the re ser- voir area and backed into a sand dune area to the northwest of the da~. The following ni.o:ht (17 June) floodwaters produced n peak discharge above the reservoir of ISR,OOO c,f.s. The volume of this nmoff exceeded the design capacity of th" project and the dam ~'''S overtopped by about three feet. This res1l1t..d in abreach3."out 300 feot wido at tho leften<lof , "