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Stabilizing slopes prevents by runoff and floods. erosion measures involve little or no addi- tional cost to the farmer and some, such as no till or minimum tillage practices, actually reduce costs. Land treatment measures may be undertaken as either a public or private effort. Practices requiring significant expendi- tures by the land owner are frequently encouraged by providing technical and financial assistance from public sources. Dune stabilization is the most frequently used type of land treatment in coastal areas. It includes protect- i.ng or establishing plant cover on existing dunes and constructing replacement dunes. The objective of these measures is to preserve the dunes as barriers to large waves and storm surges. Onsite Detention Flooding Can be increased significantly by the runoff from lands which have been stripped of vegetation or covered with buildings, pavements and other impervious materials. The main objective of onsite detention is to prevent excessive runoff from such areas. A secondary benefit is that onsi te detention traps pollutants and so sometimes improves water quality. The principal onsite detention are those restricting land and providing for temporarily measures clearing storing some or all runoff from a property. Use of the measures may be voluntary or required by regulatory or permi t programs. Regulations requirin!; onsite detention are often part of zoning or other broad programs control- ling land use and development in upland areas. On site storage prevents aggravating downstream flood problems by In- creased runoff from new develop- ments. This series of small ponds also provides open space In a rapidly developing area. Small ponds can provide onsite detention on land in open space uses. These ponds sometimes take the form cf shallow grass-covered basins that can be used during dry periods as athletic fields, parking lots or for other purposes. Detention basins can some- times also be created by excavation during sand and gravel mining opero.- tions. Controls on clearing land are most applicable to sites under construc- tion. Onsite detention measures in urban areas are usually desi gn provi- sions which slow runoff. These may include equipping roofs or parking lots for temporarily storing at least a part of the water which falls on them, designing streets in hilly areas to prevent rapid runoff, incorporating small retention basins into landscap- ing, USlng rock filled pits to catch 36