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<br />impact forces. but this hazard does not usually constitute a <br /> <br /> <br />large part of the total damage on the fan in a major flood <br /> <br /> <br />event. <br /> <br />When debris flows occur on fans. impact forces may be the <br /> <br /> <br />dominant cause of damages to structures. Large boulders and <br /> <br /> <br />highly viscous mud are carried down-fan at high velocities. <br /> <br /> <br />The momentum force5 on a structure impacted by such a flow <br /> <br /> <br />greatly exceed the strength of the structure and ~ause <br /> <br /> <br />breaching of the walls and. in some cases. total destruction <br /> <br /> <br />of the building. <br /> <br />Debris flow events on typical fans are rare. <br />certain fans, such as those in Glenwood Springs, <br />to frequent debris flow events. Debris flows <br />confined to the upper portions of the fan <br />velocities and steep slopes are needed to <br />viscous flow. <br /> <br />However, <br /> <br />are subject <br />are usually <br />because high <br /> <br />sustain <br /> <br />Hvdrostatic and Buovant Forces <br /> <br />Water. stagnant or in motion. exerts hydrostatic and buoyant <br />forces on buildings in flood zones. Buoyant forces can lift <br />a home and allow it to float away if water inundates the <br />ground under and the area surrounding the building to <br />sufficient depths. Hydrostatic forces on the walls of <br />structures increase linearly with depth and can result in <br />total wall failure. Buoyant and hydrostatic force hazards <br />are most catastrophic in the areas of deepest inundation <br />(near the apex) but can cause damage5 in lcwer portions of <br />the fan in areas of ponding. <br /> <br />Hioh Velocit~s <br /> <br />The presence <br />significantly <br /> <br />of high <br /> <br />flood event <br />pets. and <br /> <br />increases <br /> <br />velocities during a <br />the danger to livestock. <br /> <br />~6 <br /> <br />tIle <br /> <br />