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<br />Fork structure and is located only 3.9 miles upstream. How much of <br /> <br /> <br />this energy head would be dissipated as the flood wave traveled to <br /> <br /> <br />Martins Fork Dam? Saint Venant, Schok1itsch, Dressler and others have <br /> <br />shown by theory and experiment that the energy producing a dam-break <br /> <br />flood wave is the depth of water at the instant of failure, provided <br /> <br />the downstream channel is dry. Their theoretical expression, in which <br /> <br />energy losses are neglected, shows the peak discharge at a fully <br /> <br />breached dam to be <br /> <br />n _ -l!. W C Y 3/2 <br />"11lax 27 d-yg 0 <br /> <br />(1) <br /> <br />where: <br /> <br />Qbax - peak discharge of the dam-break flood hydrograph <br />Wd - initial water surface width at the dam <br />Y - initial reservoir depth at the dam <br />o <br />g - acceleration of gravity <br /> <br />The value of peak discharge calculated with equation 1 agrees <br /> <br />reasonably well with experimental data obtained from tests conducted <br /> <br />by the U.S. Army Waterways Experiment Station (reference 6). Therefore, <br /> <br /> <br />the fact that immediately after a failure the reservoir depth at the <br /> <br />dam decreases rapidly to half its original value does not indicate a <br /> <br />corresponding loss of total energy head at that location. Rather, total <br /> <br />energy has been redistributed to include a large inertia component and <br /> <br />a kinetic energy component, in addition to the pressure plus potential <br /> <br />energy component; and the sum of these components yields the reservoir <br /> <br />3 <br />