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Last modified
7/28/2009 2:28:42 PM
Creation date
10/1/2006 2:16:21 PM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Weather Modification
Applicant
North American Weather Consultants
Sponsor Name
Upper Colorado River Commission
Project Name
The Potential Use of Winter Cloud Seeding Programs to Augment the Flow of the Colorado River
Title
The Potential Use of Winter Cloud Seeding Programs to Augment the Flow of the Colorado River
Prepared For
Upper Colorado River Commission
Prepared By
Don Griffith, NAWC
Date
3/1/2006
Weather Modification - Doc Type
Report
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<br />Three programs ha....e been funded through this program related to \\'inter orographic <br />seeding efforts in Colorado. Nevada and Utah, Work is either finished or being completed on <br />thesc programs. <br /> <br />Work conducted in Colorado was concerned with the utilization of the Colorado State <br />University's RAMS model to conduct modeling over seeded areas in the State. simulate <br />generator output and transport. develop forecasts for seeded and non-seeded days. and evaluate <br />model predictions of precipitation. The RAMS model did not reliably predict the natural <br />snowfall and. as a result. the predictions of any seeding effects were inconclusive (Colorado <br />Conservation Board. 2005). <br /> <br />Work conducted in Ne....ada focused upon the following: remote sensing of supercooled <br />liquid water to quantify cloud seeding potential over a selected watershed. application of <br />mesoscale modeling to evaluate seeding effectivcness. evaluation ofsceding effcctiveness <br />through physical and chemical analysis of snowpack. hydrologic modeling to estimate impacts of <br />seeding, and characterization of natural and seeded cloud regions using microphysical aircraft <br />measurements, ^ Iinal report on the findings of this work has not been completed at the time this <br />white paper was written. <br /> <br />Work conducted in Utah involved randomized field tcsting of propane seeding and <br />exploration of the impacts on precipitation. Releasing liquefied propane through a noule rcsults <br />in a zone of supcrcooled air in which unfrozen water droplets will be frozen. This process can <br />lead to the formation ofartilicially generatcd snowflakes. Results of this research were positive <br />with the indication that the see-ding did produce increases in precipitation in a small area <br />represented by thrce nearby precipitation gage sites (Super and Heimbach. 2005). The authors <br />speculated that extrapolation of these results over a season and over larger areas with more <br />dispensers might result in precipitation increases on the ordcr of 10%. <br /> <br />The Wf);\.W program managers cxpect this program to end in early 2006 in the absence <br />of further funding from either federal sources or non-federal partners, Final reports from most <br />WDMP states have been complcted and are available from Reclamation <br /> <br />Colorado River Enhanced Snowl}(lck Test (CREST). The CRE)T \l'as planned to operate for <br />eight yean hut was not implemC'nlt'd hecau.'it' of declining/edt.ral .Hlpport of n:dfod researdl <br />and some wet years in the late /980s (lml car~\' 1990,\'. <br /> <br />S.2 National Oce{lIIic ami r1tmo,,"p/,eric Admini....trtltim' (,\,0..1,.1). From 1986 through <br />1995, the NOA.A Federal-State Atmospheric .\Iodification Programfi{lIlled weather mod(fication <br />research in SI:t: states, at ale\'e/ of about 5500.000 per J.ear per state. The jilndinK was usedfor <br />research componenls. and lI.as split between u'inter orographic and wlIrm season !)/'oKrams and <br />inc/uded cloud seeding experiments usinX both .'Ii/WI' iodide and liquid propane. The breadth ol <br />the research lI.as si!{nijiconl and sewral ad\'ollCl!S related to win/a orographic cloud seeding <br />are Iwrth noting In Ari:mw a new polari:ed radar tec:lmiqlle IHIS used to track the di.\persion <br />0/ airbornt' seeding plumes and the em/urion of seeded in' cryslals in nalUra/~v precipitating <br />clouds. Seeding triar~ using ground relecues of siher iodide lInd propane on the Wasatch <br />Plateau (?( {"-Iall produced c:omiderable direct eddenCl! of ice crystal and .HloufaJ/ enhancemenl. <br />
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