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<br />other" going on, which will see some of them joining together, In reality we are not so <br />sure that they do join together. You certainly don't see "Siamese" hail stones landing I <br /> <br />It is our belief that all hail stones are in fact "hovering" in the air stream at a similar <br />"speed". As the updraft speed raises or lowers, the stone will descent at the relevant <br />speed, We believe that the stone is in a very fragile form at all times, until it escapes <br />"out" of the cloud formation. The "altitude" at which this "escape" takes place is very <br />important, as this is the point at which the solidifying process accelerates and would <br />logically be very fast due to the fact that the underlying temperature is very cold and it <br />is now without the benefit of "latent" heat transfer, <br /> <br />The altitude of the bottom of the cloud is always to be quite low. We know that our <br />"whistling" shock wave has the endurance to travel long distances without diminishing <br />in strength, but if as we believe, the "Embryo" is at such close range, and still in the <br />"fragile" state, then the cannon effect has a relatively easy target It has the capability <br />to be "ca\litating" the embryonic process of formation over a substantial altitude range. <br />We suggest that there are not the "big solid hailstones" at the top of the cloud, as this <br />simply doesn't fit witbJQ9l9..,JnvalLa_bJy~s.uct:LahaiJstonawould-have-te--!!drtft!!..C:H:lt-eHhe- - - -' <br />. - n' _U -- 'powerhousepartofthe updraft, enter a weaker area of "lift" and would soon be on its <br />way down, Alternatively the stone will be lifted out of the top area of lift within the <br />stream of air. This air has just lost its upwards drive, and is now on its way down. <br />Once these "big" hailstones were to be rushed downwards in such an air stream, they <br />are not suddenly going to accept being sucked back into an updraft. They would be on <br />their way down, while those smaller stones would most likely continue to travel within <br />the air stream. This in reality doesn't happen. As you will know, when hail falls, ,it is <br />invariably of relatively uniform size. The cloud invariably ~sheds" its hail in one great <br />"purge"l The end of a hailstorm is as sudden as the start, Le. you don't see the <br />stragglers arriving latel <br /> <br />__ I <br /> <br />"CAVITATION" What Is It? <br /> <br />"The sudden formation and collapse of low pressure bubbles and liquIds by <br />means of mechanical forces" <br /> <br />The passage of ultrasonic waves through a liquid produces regions of compression <br />and refraction. In the refraction regions a "negative pressure" exists: or, to put it less <br />pedantically, the liquid is trying to tear itself apart, Sometimes it succeeds, producing a <br />cavity, which may be one of several kinds. Most probably, it will be filled with air that <br />has diffused into the cavity from the surrounding liquid where it has been dissolved, <br />but if for some reason the liquid has been purged of air, then the cavity may remain <br />empty. in other words, contain a vacuum, or may be filled with liquid vapour. <br /> <br />Which ever is the case, the life time of the cavity is short, at the next region of <br />compression, a tiny second later, the cavity is squeezed, its walls are forced in upon <br />the air or vapour it contains, and the cavity may collapse. In that instant before <br />collapse, the pressure of the gas or vapour within the bubble may reach several <br />thousand times that of the atmosphere. Obviously when the cavity does collapse, <br /> <br />5 <br /> <br />Copyright 0 1994 <br />