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<br />The reasonable use requirements of the
<br />Constitution apply to all uses of water,
<br />including water for instream or enoiron-
<br />mental purposes.
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<br />State Board = State Water
<br />Resources Control Board
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<br />28 CAI!IFORNIA WATER
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<br />right is "part and parce]" of riparian land, and the right to the flow is
<br />real property. Title Ins. & Trust Co. v. Miller & Lux (1920) 183 Cal. 71,
<br />81. Real property remedies are therefore availahle for riparian rights.
<br />Miller & Lux v. Enterprise Canal & Land Co. (1915) 169 Cal. 415, 444.
<br />An appropriative right is also 'an interest in real property. Wright v.
<br />Best (1942) 19 Cal.2d 368, 382. Thus, appropriative rights may he, hut
<br />are not necessarily, appurtenant to the land. If they are appurtenant,
<br />the right is incidental to the land. Wright, pages 377-378. Percolating
<br />water rights are also real property rights. Stanislaus Water Co. v.
<br />Bachman (1908) 152 Cal. 716, 725. The right to use percolating
<br />waters is part and parcel of the land. Pasadena v. Alhambra (1949)
<br />33 Cal.2d 908, 925; Rank v. Krug (S.D. Cal. 1950) 90 F.Supp. 773, 787.
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<br />Reasonable, Beneficial Use of All Water in California
<br />Article X, Section 2, of the California Constitution, which applies to
<br />all water rights and prohibits waste of water, requires reasonable-
<br />ness of use, method of use, and method of diversion for all uses of
<br />water. Cal. Const. art. X, ~ 2. This includes the use of water for in-
<br />stream or environmental purposes. Wat. Code ~ 1243; National
<br />Audubon Society v. Superior Court (1983) 33 Cal.3d 419, 443. To the
<br />extent the use is wasteful or otherwise unreasonable, it is not part
<br />of a water right. Joslin v. Marin Municipal Water Dist. (1967) 67
<br />Cal.2d 132, 141-145. Each riparian is limited to reasonable, benefi-
<br />cial use pursuant to Article X, Section 2, subject to reasonable uses
<br />made by the upstream riparians.2 Cal. Const. art. X, ~ 2. The reason-
<br />ableness of a riparian use can only be ascertained after d~termining
<br />the water needs of other riparians along the same watercourse.
<br />Pabst v. Finmand (1922) 190 CaI. 124, 129.
<br />Water obtained pursuant to an appropriative right must also be
<br />put to reasonable, beneficial use, or the right may be forfeited.
<br />Erickson v. Queen Valley Ranch (1971) 22 C;t!.App.3d 578; Cal. Const.
<br />art. X, ~ 2; Water Code ~ 1240 and ~ 1241. The State Water Resources
<br />Control Board ("State Board") is directed to take all appropriate ac-
<br />tion to prevent the waste or misuse of water in the state. Water Code
<br />~ 275; Cal. Code Regs., tit. 23, ~~ 4000-4007. Beneficial uses include
<br />minirig, irrigation of cropped and uncropped land, agricultural,
<br />power, industrial, and municipal uses. Water Code ~~ 1262-65;
<br />Antioch v. Williams (1922) 188 Cal. 451, 467-468; For a complete Ii,t
<br />of codified, beneficial uses, see Cal. Code Regs., tit. 23, ~ 659 et seq.
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<br />2 Hutchins, The California Law of Water Rights, 1956, page 81; Anderson,
<br />Riparian Water Rights in California, Governor's Commission to Revie,,"'
<br />California Water Rights, Staff Paper No.4, 1977, page 30.
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