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<br />studies highlight the many complex factors involved in identifying <br />and weighing anticipated impacts qn various segments of society <br />and elements of the economy. <br /> <br />There are both desirable and :undesirable financial impacts <br />from cloud seeding projects on individuals, local operating <br />firms and industries, visitors, and local government. Appropriate <br />measures of these impacts and the~r magnitude depend on point <br />of view, whether national or loc~l. In addition, in measuring <br />national impact, at least two f~ctors must be considered: <br />possible reduction or terminatipn of activities in one area <br />and expansion of activities elsewhere. From a local viewpoint, <br />citizens whose lifestyles and incomes are impacted by weather <br />modification activities may require compensation, which would <br />be computed on variables such as wages lost or costs incurred <br />from adverse weather (20). <br /> <br />Obviously, there are no simple black and white answers <br />or alternatives in assessing impacts and benefits. There <br />are, instead, many gray areas ~f compromise which must be <br />acknowledged and considered. <br /> <br />2.2.1 Economic Effects of S~mmer Cloud Seeding <br /> <br />2.2.1.1 South Dakot~. A 1973 study on economic <br />effects of added precipitation in South Dakota showed that <br />crop production increases are d~fficult to estimate due to <br />the natural variability of rainfall patterns (12)~ A complete <br />analysis of direct benefits must take into account the following <br />factors: <br /> <br />2-3 <br />