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difficult. In addition, a single, comprehensive biological opinion provides greater opportunity and <br />flexibility for the Corps to address species needs under the combined project authorities. <br />ACTION AREA <br />The combined action area for this consultation includes the area directly and indirectly affected by the <br />three projects under consultation. This includes most of the Missouri River main stem, the Kansas nur -ions <br />River, and portions of major tributaries and the Middle Mississippi River where listed species are <br />influenced by the Corps' MR Operations, KR Operations, and BSNP. MR Operations primarily <br />affects the area of the Missouri River and its reservoir system from the headwaters of Fort Peck Lake <br />in Montana downstream to the mouth of the river near St. Louis, MO, river mile (R1MI) 0 at the <br />confluence with the Mississippi River. The point furthest upstream where the Corps regulates Missouri <br />River flows is at Reclamation's Canyon Ferry Dam in Montana when the reservoir is in the flood pool. <br />MR Operation begins at Fort Peck Dam in Montana and continues downstream to Gavins Point Dam <br />on the South Dakota- Nebraska border 811 mi (1304 km) upstream from the Missouri River's <br />confluence with the Mississippi River. Additionally, tributary inflows into and downstream from the <br />System influence operations. Therefore, the action area for this biological opinion is the Missouri Ri <br />Basin. However, the thrust of the opinion will be cn„� „° a to *�° T� T'con��f j Rj�7°r == =ain}p fr�11 the <br />r <br />headwaters of Fort Peck Lake to its confluence with the Mississippi River. <br />The Corps operates and maintains the Missouri River BSNP from Sioux City, lA, at RM 735 to the <br />mouth. Tributaries that may influence MR and KR Operations and the Middle Mississippi River below <br />the confluence which may be affected by operations also are included within the action area. The <br />action area for KR Operations includes the river from its formation at Junction City, KS, below Milford <br />Reservoir on the Republican River, downstream about 170 mi (274 km) to its mouth and confluence <br />with the Missouri River at Kansas City, Kansas and Missouri. <br />Overall management of these three projects falls under the purview of the Corps' Northwestern <br />Division in Portland, Oregon, the Missouri River Region in Omaha, NE; the Omaha District in Omaha; <br />and the KCD in Kansas City, MO. The Corps' Reservoir Control Center in the Missouri River Region <br />Office was established in 1954 to plan, regulate, and coordinate the operation of the Missouri River <br />Main Stem Reservoir System, as well as provide oversight on the regulation of the Corps tributary <br />reservoirs and the flood control regulations of Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) projects authorized <br />for flood control. Operations, management, and technical support is provided by the District Offices. <br />OPERATION OF THE MISSOURI RIVER MAIN STEM RESERVOIR SYSTEM <br />Generic Description of Project and Authorizing Legislation <br />32 Proposed Action -MR Operations <br />