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Additional Study Questions <br />1 How much sand augmentation is needed to offset any given level of channel narrowing and deepening? <br />2 To what extent will a vegetation - removal flow and /or a sand - bar - building flow cause or increase channel bed degradation /incision? <br />3 What depth, velocity, duration, timing, frequency, and magnitude of flow are required to (a) prevent establishment of, or (b) remove vegetation? <br />4 What consequences would reduced winter flows have on channel geometry and vegetation? <br />5 What age and density of existing vegetation can be removed with pulse flows? <br />6 What level of drought (frequency and magnitude) would need to occur to reduce the environmental account water to the point that vegetation significantly <br />recolonizes cleared areas of the channel? <br />7 Does the mechanical removal of vegetation kill vegetation or is there sufficient root mass that survives resulting in rejuvenated vegetation and /or disperses <br />live plant material that subsequently re -roots when deposited again by flow? <br />8 What is the effectiveness of island vegetation removal by mechanical means in regard to both beneficial aspects as well as any potential adverse <br />consequences such as excessive sand deposition, re- establishment of vegetation, and establishment of undesirable plants within and downstream of <br />treated areas? <br />9 What changes are anticipated in the sand budget and channel morphology under potential sand augmentation scenarios? <br />10 To what extent will the release of sand into the river from island clearing and lowering, or from direct sand augmentation, potentially cause aggradation or <br />increased flooding problems? <br />11 How high can sand bars be developed using flow and sediment transport (under the current flow and sediment regime and under a vegetation removal /bar <br />building regime — with and without direct sand augmentation)? <br />12 Can velocities of flow sufficient to remove vegetation from the tops of bars also be sufficiently low to allow deposition of sand to build the bars higher? <br />13 What conclusions regarding sand bar restoration can be derived from re- evaluation of the extensive existing tern and plover survey data, and what <br />increment of additional data could reduce or eliminate uncertainties in sand bar ecology? <br />14 Is the use of woody debris, as a flow obstruction, an effective method for building sandbars that provide suitable nesting habitat for terns and plovers? <br />