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Proposed project and partnering agency research objectives. For example, collection of data by aircraft <br />could add valuable information to the design phase, particularly, but also could be useful to the <br />precipitation evaluation of the operational phase. This is also the case with doppler radar data. The <br />collection of data by aircraft and land -based radar is very expensive and will be considered as important, <br />but not essential to the design or operational phases. Weather service doppler radar information will be <br />available to the program. Locally, a doppler radar is located on the Grand Mesa. Some aircraft data were <br />collected in the Park Range during the Colorado Orographic Cloud Seeding Experiment (COSE) (for <br />example: Rauber et al., 1986; Rauber and Grant, 1986; Rauber, 1987) conducted by Colorado State <br />University in the early 1980s (supported by Reclamation, the National Science Foundation, Air Force <br />Geophysics Laboratory, NCAR, NOAA and others) and those results were published. <br />A shortcoming of aircraft data collected from the Headwaters Region is that important cloud information <br />cannot be retrieved within 2000 feet (vertical) of barriers when the aircraft must fly in clouds. Recent ' <br />studies of aircraft and ground -based microwave radiometer (an instrument that estimates integrated cloud <br />liquid water along the scan line) data indicate that most orograph ical ly- induced supercooled liquid water <br />(SLW) is concentrated in the lowest 2000 feet or so above mountain barriers (Super, 1999). The SLW is <br />a necessary, but not sufficient, cloud characteristic requirement for seeding. A radiometer can supply <br />information on integrated SLW, but not data on the dispersal of seeding effects in cloud that an aircraft <br />can sometimes provide. Nevertheless, the benefits from aircraft data in the proposed program are not felt <br />large enough against the cost, to recommend their use in data collection. <br />The proposed program must deal with some essential components including environmental compliance, <br />public awareness and information release, and program organization and management. Cloud seeding <br />suspension criteria will need to be developed for the design phase, and separately for operational seeding <br />because of much greater area -of- effect and the need to treat most potential cases. Weather and cloud <br />modeling must be conducted using a three - dimensional model at high resolution. <br />The following report sections include chapter 2 that covers the scientific basis for conducting the <br />operational cloud seeding. Chapter 3 discusses the program design phase, associated labor costs and <br />equipment costs. Chapter 4 covers information on the operational cloud seeding phase including <br />estimates of additional water and the costs to conduct the operational seeding. Compliance with <br />environmental regulation is covered in chapter 5. The proposed program time schedule is presented in <br />chapter 6. An appendix A authored by Arlin Super is included to present cloud seeding in more technical <br />detail, discuss some important previous cloud seeding and observation studies more thoroughly, and , <br />provide an extensive list of references. <br />1 <br />