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i4ure 2. Location of Oil Fields in CLWA Service Area Benefits objectives of the project were multiple: • Improve thermal recovery efficiencies • Lower the produced water handling costs. • Reduce the potential for reservoir damage from the reinjection process • Recover more oil, using reclaimed produced water to increase the amount of extracted oil • Develop a new water resource Water Flow Estimates nta Clarita is not unique. We made estimates of the amount produced water in some of the adjacent areas. In Los An- les County, we identified approximately 64 million gallons r day of produced water. The coastal area, which is predomi- atly Ventura and Santa Barbara Counties, sees 27 million lions per day; and Kern County, which is a very active oil educing area, 129 million gallons per day. Clearly not all of s is recoverable, some because of the quality, some because reinjected for subsidence and mitigation. re is substantial potential here for clients like mine, subur- water agencies, which are seeking water from every source possibly can, and are willing to pay. icern for water quality were concerned about certain primary water quality pa- eters during the treatment process. Here is an example of luced water that was, actually, reasonably good: TDS 5500 mg /L Temperature 150 to 175° F Boron —17 mg/L Silica 255 mg/L Hardness 1100 mg /L Ammonia —9 mg/L Total Organic Carbon 120 mg /L It had a total dissolved solids (TDS) level of approximately 5,000 — 6,000 mg /L. Because the oil reservoir is steam flooded, the temperature of produced water is high, 150 to 175° R Boron is very high, making the farmers cringe. Silica also was high, and that restricts the industrial reuse potential. There is moderate hardness — potable ground waters in the area typically have hardness of about 500, so this is not too bad. Ammonia is high, which affects corrosion rates, among other things. As a water purveyor, we were especially interested in the total organic carbon, or TOC. For potable water sources, we're typically looking at 2 to 10 mg /L, not 120 mg/L, so that really causes some concern. Irrigation Water In the project we actually looked at a variety of endpoints. Approximately 44,000 barrels per day were available. The process includes lime softening that removes the hardness and silica; cooling to reduce the temperature, filtration, a high -pH reverse osmosis system, and, finally, disinfection. Through the process, we lose quite a bit of