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• <br />2. INTRODUCTION <br />A. Background and Perspective <br />The states of Nebraska, Wyoming, and Colorado and the U.S. <br />Department of the Interior have entered into a partnership to address <br />endangered species issues affecting the Platte River Basin. This <br />partnership is guided by the Cooperative Agreement (June 1997). The <br />driving force behind the Cooperative Agreement is that many water <br />projects in the Platte River Basin are in the process or will soon be <br />going through a review of their impacts on endangered species. Under <br />the Endangered Species Act (ESA), federal agencies must ensure that <br />the water projects they authorize, fund, or carry out do not jeopardize <br />the continued existence of endangered and threatened species or result <br />in the destruction or modification of habitat which has been <br />determined to be critical. The Cooperative Agreement is considered to <br />be the best approach to address ESA issues and requirements, as <br />opposed to each individual water project having to undergo an <br />independent review of their impacts on endangered species. <br />The Cooperative Agreement is a three -year agreement signed by the <br />governors of Wyoming, Colorado and Nebraska and by the Secretary <br />of the Interior to address the needs of four threatened and endangered <br />species using the central Platte River region. The two main objectives <br />of the Cooperative Agreement are as follows: <br />• Develop and implement a "recovery implementation program" <br />(Recovery Program) to improve and conserve habitat for four <br />threatened and endangered species that use the Platte River in <br />Nebraska, which include the whooping crane, piping plover, least <br />tern, and the pallid sturgeon. <br />• Enable existing and new water uses in the Platte River Basin to <br />proceed without additional actions required (beyond the Recovery <br />Program) for the four species under the Endangered Species Act. <br />The Cooperative Agreement is a basinwide, cooperative effort to <br />improve and maintain habitat for the four endangered species listed <br />above. The Recovery Program builds upon the Cooperative Agreement <br />and lays out several activities and contributions from the three states <br />and federal government that are to be conducted in specified <br />increments. The objectives of the first phase of the proposed Recovery <br />Program (10 -13 years) are as follows: <br />2 -1 <br />