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Section 5: Approaches to Economic Activity Changes <br />From the Without Scenario <br />A. Recovery Implementation Programs and Section 7 Activities <br />Estimating the economic impacts of the critical habitat designations for endangered fishes <br />poses formidable challenges because many impacts will result, not from current activities but, <br />from future activities set in motion by Section 7 Consultations. C,rnsultation with the <br />USFWS under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act is initiated when a Federal agency <br />determines that an activity they will authorize, fund, or carry out may affect a listed species <br />or its critical habitat. USFWS then issues a biological opinion finding that the action either <br />is or is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the listed species or to destroy or <br />adversely modify its critical habitat. If the USFWS determines that the action is likely to <br />jeopardize the continued existence of the listed species, or to destroy or adversely modify its <br />critical habitat, it develops reasonable and prudent alternatives that would avoid a jeopardy, <br />or adverse modification situation, if such alternatives are available. <br />The RIPS currently serve as the reasonable and prudent alternatives to jeopardy in the Upper <br />Basin. These have allowed some water development to proceed concurrently with efforts to <br />recover endangered fishes. The Upper Basin RIP is a cooperative effort to recover the <br />endangered fishes in the Upper Basin while providing for water development to proceed in a <br />manner compatible with applicable State and Federal laws. The Recovery Program was <br />implemented in January 1988 by a Cooperative Agreement signed by the Governors of <br />Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Administrator of the <br />Western Area Power Administration. <br />The San Juan RIP was initiated in the biological opinion issued by the USFWS on the <br />Animas- LaPlata project in Colorado. On October 24, 1991,'a Memorandum of <br />Understanding was executed by the USFWS, the Bureau of Reclamation, the Bureau of <br />Indian Affairs, the States of Colorado and New Mexico, the Ute Mountain Indian Tribe, the <br />I -20 <br />