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<br /> Created 12/26/06 7
<br /> • Use the newest high resolution atmospheric models to predict seeding plume transport
<br /> and dispersion. However, verification by observations is essential.
<br /> • Develop explicit microphysical modules for cloud models to predict microphysical and
<br /> precipitation seeding effects. Verify with observations.
<br /> • Refine techniques, such as the trace chemical analysis of snowfall, to evaluate new or
<br /> ongoing wintertime seeding projects over drainage basin-sized areas.
<br /> • Study the impact of air pollution on winter clouds and precipitation.
<br /> References (numbered in the order they are referred to in the text)
<br /> (1) National Research Council, 2003: Critical issues in weather modification research, The National Academies
<br /> Press,Washington,D.C., 131 pp.
<br /> (2) Garstang, M, R. Bruintjes, R. Serafin, H. Orville, B. Boe, W. Cotton and J. Warburton, 2004: Weather
<br /> modification:Finding common ground. Bull.Amer.Meteor. Soc.,85,647-655.
<br /> (3) Boe, B. A., G. Bomar, W. R. Cotton, B. L. Marler, H. D. Orville and J. A. Warburton, 2004: The Weather
<br /> Modification Association's response to the National Research Council's report titled, "Critical Issues in
<br /> Weather Modification Research". J. Weather Mod.,36,53-82.
<br /> (4)Super,A.B. and J.A.Heimbach, 1983:Evaluation of the Bridger Range winter cloud seeding experiment using
<br /> control gages. J. Climate Appl.Meteor., 1989-2011.
<br /> (5) Super, A. B. and A. W. Huggins, 1993: Relationships between storm total supercooled liquid water flux and
<br /> precipitation on four mountain barriers.J. Weather Mod.,25,82-92.
<br /> (6) Heggli, M. F. and R. M. Rauber, 1988: The characteristics and evolution of supercooled water in wintertime
<br /> storms over the Sierra Nevada: A summary of microwave radiometric measurements taken during the
<br /> Sierra Cooperative Pilot Project.J.Appl.Meteor.,27,989-1015.
<br /> (7)Rauber,R. M., L. O. Grant,D. Feng, and J.B. Snider, 1986:The characteristics and distribution of cloud water
<br /> over the mountains of northern Colorado during wintertime storms. Part I: Temporal variations.J. Climate
<br /> Appl.Meteor,25,468-489.
<br /> (8) Heggli, M. F., L. Vardiman, R. E. Stewart and A. Huggins, 1983: Supercooled liquid water and ice crystal
<br /> distributions within Sierra Nevada storms.J. Climate Appl.Meteor.,22, 1875-1886.
<br /> (9)Boe,B. A. and A. B. Super, 1986: Wintertime characteristics of supercooled liquid water over the Grand Mesa
<br /> of western Colorado.J. Weather Mod.,18, 102-107.
<br /> (10)Huggins,A.W., 1995:Mobile microwave radiometer observations:Spatial characteristics of supercooled cloud
<br /> water and cloud seeding implications.J.Appl.Meteor.,34,432-446.
<br /> (11)Rauber,R.M. and L. O. Grant, 1986:The characteristics and distribution of cloud water over the mountains of
<br /> northern Colorado during wintertime storms.Part 11: Spatial variations and microphysical characteristics.J.
<br /> Climate and Appl.Meteor.,25,489-504.
<br /> (12)Super,A.B., 1994:Implications of early 1991 observations of supercooled liquid water,precipitation and silver
<br /> iodide on Utah's Wasatch Plateau.J. Weather Mod.,26, 19-32.
<br /> (13) Super, A. B., 1974: Silver iodide plume characteristics over the Bridger Mountain Range, Montana. J. Appl.
<br /> Meteor.,13,62-70.
<br /> (14)Holroyd,E.W.,J.T.MacPartland and A.B. Super, 1988: Observations of silver iodide plumes over the Grand
<br /> Mesa of Colorado. J Appl. Meteor.,27, 1125-1144.
<br /> (15)Super,A.B.and B.A.Boe, 1988:Microphysical effects of wintertime cloud seeding with silver iodide over the
<br /> Rocky Mountains. Part III: Observations over the Grand Mesa, Colorado. J. Appl. Meteor., 27, 1166-
<br /> 1182.
<br /> The current NAIWMC membership includes state agencies in
<br /> North Dakota,Kansas,Oklahoma,Texas,Colorado,Wyoming,Utah,Nevada and California
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