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Water Quality Variations and Trends in Monument and Fountain Creeks
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Water Quality Variations and Trends in Monument and Fountain Creeks
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Last modified
7/20/2010 3:30:27 PM
Creation date
6/29/2010 10:11:55 AM
Metadata
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Template:
Water Supply Protection
Description
ARCA
State
CO
KS
Basin
Arkansas
Water Division
2
Date
1/1/1993
Author
Barbara C. Ruddy, U.S. Geologic Survey, Colorado Springs Department of Utilities
Title
Water Quality Variations and Trends in Monument and Fountain Creeks
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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A summary of significant trends for all stations is listed in table 3. <br />Several general observations about trends in the study area can be made from <br />the results in this table. Instantaneous streamflow had positive trends <br />except at station 07103780 Monument Creek at USAFA. Streamflow may have sub- <br />stantial daily variation but the instantaneous streamflows at time of sampling <br />were characteristic of the mean daily streamflows (Edelmann, 1990). The <br />frequency curves of the instantaneous measured streamflows from 1975 through <br />1983 were nearly identical to the mean daily streamflow- duration curves except <br />for the extremely large and small streamflows. Specific conductance had <br />variable trends. Stations 07103780 Monument Creek at USAFA and 07104905 <br />Monument Creek at Bijou had positive trends, whereas stations 07103747 <br />Monument Creek at Palmer Lake, 07103700 Fountain Creek near Colorado Springs, <br />07105500 Fountain Creek at Colorado Springs, 07105905 Fountain Creek below <br />Fountain, and 07106500 Fountain Creek at Pueblo had negative trends. pH and <br />concentrations of dissolved sulfate, nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen, and <br />un- ionized ammonia as nitrogen had positive trends at stations that had a <br />significant trend. Concentrations of total ammonia as nitrogen, total ammonia <br />plus organic nitrogen, total recoverable copper, dissolved manganese, and <br />total recoverable nickel had negative trends at stations that had a signifi- <br />cant trend. The other metals had variable trends at stations that had a <br />significant trend. Concentrations of 5 -day BOD had positive trends at two of <br />three upstream stations on Monument Creek and negative trends at some of the <br />downstream stations. Fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus had negative <br />trends at all stations that had a significant trend except for fecal coliform <br />at station 07105530 Fountain Creek below CSWWTP, which had a positive trend. <br />The trends considered to be very significant are plotted in figures 33 <br />through 55 in the "Hydrologic Data" section. The trend plots include the <br />data, the smooth line, and the trend line. The smooth line, or lowess curve, <br />is an estimate of the weighted moving average of the water - quality property or <br />constituent with time (Chambers and others, 1983). The trend line describes <br />the linear change in the water - quality property or constituent for the period <br />of record. Because of the variability in the data, the smooth line and the <br />trend line help show the trend in the data. Many of the plotted trends are <br />probably related to changes in pH and increases in wastewater discharge from <br />treatment plants. <br />SUMMARY <br />Water - quality data were collected at four stations on Monument Creek and <br />five stations on Fountain Creek during water years 1976 through 1988. These <br />data were used to determine variations and trends in water - quality properties <br />and constituents. A comparison of water quality among all stations was made <br />qualitatively using box plots. Only qualitative comparisons could be made <br />because the number of data values and period of record were different for each <br />station. Water - quality trends for Monument Creek at Palmer Lake, Monument <br />Creek at Pikeview, Monument Creek at Bijou Street at Colorado Springs, <br />Fountain Creek near Colorado Springs, Fountain Creek at Colorado Springs, <br />Fountain Creek below Janitell Road below Colorado Springs, and Fountain Creek <br />above Little Fountain Creek below Fountain, for water years 1980 through 1988, <br />also were evaluated. Time - series trends at each station were done to <br />determine if changes in water - quality conditions occurred during the period of <br />record at each station. <br />16 <br />
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