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Colorado Water Resources Circular No. 20
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Colorado Water Resources Circular No. 20
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4/18/2019 9:04:45 AM
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Water Supply Protection
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Colorado Water Resources Circular No. 20, Transit Losses and Travel Times for Reservoir Releases, Upper Arkansas River Basin, Colorado
State
CO
KS
Basin
Arkansas
Water Division
2
Date
1/1/1973
Author
Russell K. Livingston, U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Division of Water Resources: Office of the State Engineer, Southeastern Colorado Water Conservancy District
Title
Colorado Water Resources Circular No. 20, Transit Losses and Travel Times for Reservoir Releases, Upper Arkansas River Basin, Colorado
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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CONCLUSIONS `. <br />1. The travel time of releases from Twin Lakes Reservoir to Colo- <br />rado Canal ranges from 29 to 69 hours depending on the flow of the <br />Arkansas River. Travel time of releases from Turquoise Lake is 42 hours <br />more while releases from Clear Creek Reservoir is 22 hours less. <br />2. Releases from Twin Lakes Reservoir to Colorado Canal are modi- <br />fied by channel storage, bank storage, inadvertent diversions, and <br />evapotranspiration. <br />3. For releases up to 500 ft /s, channel storage ranges from 0 to <br />440 ft /s depending on the time since the release arrived at Colorado <br />Canal and the amount of the release. During the release recession, all <br />water in channel storage arrives at Colorado Canal headgate soon enough <br />to be diverted. Channel storage, therefore, is not a source of transit <br />loss. <br />4. For releases up to 500 ft /s, the average rate of bank storage <br />ranges from 0 to 445 ft /s depending on the flow of the Arkansas River <br />at time of release, the amount of the release, and the time since the <br />release arrived at Colorado Canal. During the release recession, 70 <br />percent of the water in bank storage is not divertible. Bank storage, <br />therefore, results in a transit loss which is generally about 7 percent <br />of the release depending on the duration of the release. <br />5. Inadvertent diversions range from 5 to about 47 ft /s depending <br />on the flow of the Arkansas River at time of release and the amount of <br />the release. Most inadvertent diversions are not compensated for during <br />the release period. Inadvertent diversions, therefore, result in a <br />transit loss which is generally about 8 percent of a typical release. <br />6. Evaporation loss occurs due to the increases both in river sur- <br />face area and in river temperature during a release. Sources of transit <br />loss due to evaporation depend on the flow of the Arkansas River at time <br />of release, the month of the year, and the amount of the release. Evap- <br />oration due to increased surface area ranges from 0 to 4.5 ft /s or <br />about 1 percent of the release. Evaporation due to increased river <br />temperature ranges from 0 to 1.3 ft /s or less than 1 percent of the <br />release. <br />7. Transpiration loss due to bank storage is assumed-to be <br />negligible. <br />8. Releases from Twin Lakes Reservoir to Colorado Canal are gen- <br />erally subject to a total loss of about 16 percent while in transit down <br />the Arkansas River. <br />38 0 <br />
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