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Last modified
8/11/2009 11:32:57 AM
Creation date
8/10/2009 4:31:27 PM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
8000
Author
Werth, L. F., et al.
Title
Developing a Geographic Information System for Resources Monitoring on the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon.
USFW Year
1993.
USFW - Doc Type
R-93-20,
Copyright Material
NO
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Through the work done on the pilot study, a methodology was developed to standardize data <br />identification, collection, transfer and conversion into digital format. Current data is defined <br />here as "data generated post June 1990 GCES/GIS base map." This methodology, along with <br />a quality check of each iteration within the methodology, is now being applied in the <br />development of the current data sets for both monitoring and specialized study sites. <br />Verification and Transfer <br />River trips were made during the summers of 1990, 1991, and 1992 to map features in <br />accordance with the classification scheme. The mapping effort was segregated into three <br />trips because of the limited temporal window available during the scientific flows. Bias of <br />the 1991 data, caused by physical. changes that might have occurred within the monitoring <br />sites between trips, was eliminated by mapping only classes represented on the photographic <br />base map product. The field work for monitoring sites No. 1 through 5 was completed in <br />1990; monitoring sites No. 6 through 11 were mapped in 1991; sites No. 12 and 13 were <br />completed in 1992. Emphasis was placed on mapping the new and old high water vegetation, <br />but the mapping effort also included other features highlighted in the classification scheme. <br />To standardize the study area being mapped, field work for sites No. 1 through 11 was done <br />during the scientific low flow (5,000 ft3/s) represented by the CIR photography and base map <br />products. Field mapping for sites No. 12 and 13 was done at a steady flow of 8,000 ft3/s. <br />The 1990 CIR photographs blown up from 1:4,800 to 1:2,400 scale with registered mylar <br />overlays were carried into the field and defined classes were mapped on the overlays using <br />a mylar pencil (fig. 9). Classes were delineated on each photo within the monitoring site from <br />the top of the old high water zone down to the Colorado River. The interpreted mylars were <br />then quality checked in the field by a second party for inconsistencies and classifications in <br />the mapping. A light table was used to check for any missing data not identifiable in the <br />field. The mylar overlays were used as templates to classify and map information from the <br />1:2,400 orthophoto base map product. After templating was completed, the transfer from CIR, <br />photo to georeferencd base map begins. <br />A mylar overlay is affixed to the orthophoto grid and is registered by drafting the 200-meter <br />Arizona State Plane grid tics represented on the orthophoto with a 0.012-inch-width drafting <br />pen. The orthophoto grid is placed over the classification template and all identified classes <br />are drafted to the registered overlay as they are depicted on the orthophoto (fig. 10). By the <br />definition of an orthophoto, this step georeferences and rectifies the spatial data. An <br />orthophoto is a photograph showing images of objects in their true orthographic positions. <br />Orthophotos are therefore geometrically equivalent to conventional line and symbol <br />planimetric maps which also show true orthographic positions of objects. Because they are <br />15
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