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seine. Abundant populations have been encountered in the Virgin-River <br />near Mesquite, Nevada, the mouth of Beaver Dam Wash, Arizona, and near <br />~ the confluence of LaVerkin and Ash creeks, Utah. <br />HABITAT DESTRUCTION <br />From older records and reports, it is certain that woundfin lived as far <br />up the Gila River system as the Salt River at Tempe, Arizona. It can <br />be surmised that woundfin also lived in most reaches of the Salt and <br />Gila rivers between Tempe and Yuma, Arizona, and in the Gila River above <br />Phoenix and the .Salt and Verde rivers above Tempe. Today, six major dams <br />on the Salt and Verde rivers and two on the Gila River have effectively <br />cut off natural flows in the lower reaches of both rivers. Potential <br />woundfin habitat may still exist in the Gila River above San Carlos <br />Reservoir and the Verde River (tributary of the Salt River) above Horseshoe <br />Reservoir. <br />On the mainstream of the Colorado River, a series of dams and reservoirs <br />beginning with the construction of Hoover Dam in the early 1930's has <br />totally eliminated all-woundfin habitat. With the filling of Lake Mead, <br />the lower end of the Virgin River and the Moapa River were also lost to <br />woundfin. This, plus the habitat alterations caused by irrigation diver- <br />sions and introduction of non-native species, has reduced the suitability <br />of the remaining habitat. Woundfin populations are existing at reduced <br />numbers from the irrigation diversion at Mesquite, Nevada, to Lake Mead <br />and have been eliminated through the Virgin River Gorge as the river is <br />intermittent at the locality because of irrigation diversions upstream. <br />From 1 to 2 kilometers below the Washington-St. George Canal Company <br />diversion, woundfin habitat is greatly diminished or non-existent during <br />~', peak irrigation periods (Fig. 2). <br />Several proposed water projects on the Virgin .River and its associated <br />springs may pose future problems for the woundfin. Each project should <br />be evaluated separately for possible impacts on the species and/or its <br />habitat. If a "jeopardy" situation is found, all efforts should be made <br />to eliminate the impact. Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act. requires <br />all federal agencies to consult with the Fish and Wildlife Service if any <br />activity they fund, authorize, or carry out may affect a listed species. <br />Two consultations have already occurred, the first with BLM on the Allen- <br />. Warner Valley Energy Project and the second with the Bureau of Reclamation <br />.concerning the proposed LaVerkin Springs Desalination Project. The <br />biological opinion for the Allen-Warner Valley consultation found the <br />~` project likely to jeopardize the woundfin and alter essential habitat. <br />Minimum flows for the Virgin River below LaVerkin Springs were recommended <br />to eliminate these impacts. The LaVerkin Springs biological opinion <br />indicated the project would neither jeopardize the species nor alter its <br />t <br />