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r <br /> 29 <br /> long term data set. If it was a short term observation the error would only, <br /> be a small part of the total data base. <br /> If the observer disturbs the fish upon approach, then short term <br /> observations might be recording the fish's use of "escape" type habitat as the <br /> fish reacts to or avoids the observer. Long term observations would allow the <br /> fish to settle into its normal behavior after the observer becomes less <br /> noticeable. The fish in the backwater at RMI 95.7 would often be moving as <br /> contact was established, but they would settle down after about 30 minutes and <br /> remain in frequently used areas for long periods. Sound and vibration of the <br /> approaching truck might have transferred through the frozen ground to the <br /> water startling the fish and causing them to move. <br /> Short term velocities had higher maximum velocities than those observed <br /> in long term observations (Table 12). Substrates measured during short term <br /> observations indicated the use of sand as compared to gravel which was used <br /> during long term observations. Fish used run habitat more in short term than <br /> in long term observations. These differences could be interpreted as observer <br /> influence on the fish. Long term observations are much harder to perform due <br /> to extreme low temperatures at night and the difficulty of collecting good <br /> data for 24 continuous hours. <br />RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCERNS <br />1. Due to the influence of ice on the flow patterns in the upper Yampa a <br />annl it•ahi 1 i+.. .,f _ <br />determination should be made regarding the I-&lf?and PHABSIM? <br />procedures to winter habitat analvsis. Transect data which were taken near a Gk <br />hydrologic control for the Government Bridge IF1M site should be evaluated to <br />make the above determination. If W-Hrons not applicable, then other methods of evaluating habitat and making flow recommendations should be explored. <br />2. Consideration should be given to evaluating the availibi 'ty of winter <br />habitat in and adjacent to the study areas. Some indication of habitat <br />preference could then be determined. <br />3. Since there appears to be very little difference in the data collected in <br />the morning, afternoon, evening, and night we suggest only shor` t term daft be <br />collected during daylight and evening hours. <br />4. A standard method of evaluating substrate in the field and in data analysis <br />should be adopted for both primary and secondary substrate combinations. <br />5. All potential fish locations should be approached with care to avoid <br />40 startling the fish. After making initial contact fish should be observed for <br />30 minutes to 1 hour before beginning the collection of data for microhabitat <br />purposes. <br />a <br />D