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Last modified
8/11/2009 11:32:56 AM
Creation date
8/10/2009 3:22:23 PM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
7339
Author
Valdez, R. A.
Title
A Review of the Hatchery Program for Threatened and Endangered Fishes of the Colorado River.
USFW Year
1985.
USFW - Doc Type
Logan, Utah.
Copyright Material
NO
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<br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />3-8 <br /> <br />3.3 Bony tail <br /> <br />2.3.1 Brief History <br /> <br />The number of wild bony tail available for bro dstock has been limited <br />for the hatchery program. The species is so low in numbers that adequate <br />numbers of males and females have been difficult to ecure. <br /> <br />A total of 12 wi 1 d adu1 t bonyta i1 have bee transferred from Lake <br />Mohave to Willow Beach NFH; 2 females in April 1979 2 females in May 1980, <br />and 3 females and 5 males in March 1981. Also, 4 suspected bony tail were <br />transferred from the Green River, Utah in October 1980. The problem with <br />culturing the species in the hatchery before 1981 w s the absence of males. <br />Viable males were secured in 1981 and cu1 ture of the species in the hatchery <. ("l.-v.)'Y<.<j ~ <br />was successful that year. Fry obtained from this s awning have been reared S <br />at Willow Beach NFH and Dexter NFH and now constitu e a domestic broodstock <br />for the species. <br /> <br />The few adu1 t fi sh caught in the wi 1 d, especi lly in the upper basi n <br />(Tyus et al. 1982; Valdez and Clemmer 1982; L. Kaeding, personal <br />communication, February, 1984, Grand Junction, Co1 rado) suggests that the <br />species has low population numbers and a low reprodu tive success. Like the <br />Colorado squawfi sh and razorback sucker, the- bonyt il may be a 1 ong-1 ived <br />fi sh. Bruce Taubert aged two Lake Mohave specimen at 40 and 42 years of <br />age (Jensen 1983b). IIInbreedingll in the hatche y may be difficult to <br />prevent with the bony tail because adult wild bonytai are extremely rare and <br />not often captured. Currently, there are no wild ad 1t bony tail brood stock <br />in a hatchery. All true or suspected wild bonyta.1 under captivity have <br />died and are preserved in the FWS endangered fish collection in Fort <br />Collins, Colorado. Willow Beach NFH is still ho1di g about 150 3-year olds <br />(1981 year class). <br /> <br />~ <br />/ <br /> <br />j <br /> <br />3.3.2 Releases To The Wild <br /> <br />Five releases of hatchery-reared bony tail have been made into the wild <br />from 1981 to 1983 (Table 3). In October and Nove ber 1981, two releases <br />were made of fi sh held at Dexter NFH into Lake Moh ve, Ari zona. These two <br />releases totaled 41,517 young of the year. An add tiona1 13,320 juveniles <br />were released from Willow Beach NFH into Lake Mohav in July 1982. The fish <br />in these three releases were not marked to identif them from wild stocks. <br />In 1983, 28,710 fry were transferred from Dext r NFH to the Ari zona <br />Department of Game and Fi sh, which subsequently re1 eased the fi sh into the <br />backwaters of Lake Mohave. It is not known if those fish were marked. Thus <br />a total of 83,547 bony tail were released into Lake M have from 1981 to 1983. <br /> <br />3.3.3 Culture Techniques <br /> <br />Hatchery culture techniques for the bony tail a e similar to those used <br />for the humpback chub and Colorado squawfish. Rip ning of sex products is <br />induced by injections of prepared carp pituitary; acetone-dried CP (42 mg) <br />is mi xed wi th a sol uti on of oxytetracyc1 i ne hydr ch1 ori de (10 ml). The <br />preparation is injected intraperitoneally at a r te of 4 mg/kg of body <br />
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