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CONTENTS Suggested Additional Reading ................................................. 100 Appendix A. Metric to English Conversions ................................... 101 Appendix B Water Quality Standards +2hart .................................. 102 Appendix C. Order Numbers for Water Quality Criteria Documents .......... 105 Appendix D. Water Quality Standards: State and Federal Criteria ............ 107 Appendix E. Formulae for Solutions Used in Fish Kill Investigations ......... 108 Appendix F. Example of Habitat Assessment Form ........................... 109 Appendix G. Specimen Synopsis and Catalog of Samples ...................... 110 Appendix H. Regional Offices of the US. Fish and Wildlife Service ........... 112 Appendix I. Examples of Chain-of-custody Records ........................... 113 Appendix J. Available Fish Disease Diagnostic Services ...................... 116 Appendix K. How to Select and Ship Fish Samples ............................ 119 Tables Table 3.1. Physical signs associated with fish mortality problems caused by oxygen depletion, toxic algae blooms, and pesticide toxicity ......................... 13 Table 4.1. Some observed fish behaviors and water chemistry characteristics associated with fish mortalities ............. ....................................... 20 Table 4.2. Fish behaviors associated with insecticide poisoning ......................... 21 Table 4.3. Influence of the addition of acidic or alkaline materials on the pH of receiving waters of various hardnesses ............................................. 27 Table 4.4. Clinical signs associated with toxic:osis in fish ............................... 28 Table 4.5. Summary of special sampling or handling requirements for water samples ...... 33 Table 4.6. Recommended quantities, containers, preservation techniques, and holding times zed for selected variables .................... les to be anal for sediment sam 38 y p Table 8.1. Approximate costs for organic analyses per procedure in 1989 ................ 68 Table 8.2. Approximate costs for inorganic analyses per procedure in 1989 ............... 69 Figures Fig. 1.1. Number of fish killed and number of fish kills, arranged by causes, in Missouri, 1970-1979 ............................................................. 3 Fig. 2.1. Flow chart for coordination and performance of a fish kill investigation ........ 9 Fig. 3.1. Fish mortality curves associated with major causes .......................... 12 Fig. 4.1. Suggested sites for collecting samples related to a fish kill in which only one source is suspected ..................................................... 35 Fig. 4.2. Suggested sites for collecting samples related to a fish kill in which multiple sources might be involved ............................................... 35 Fig. 6.1. Example of a fish kill necropsy report ..................................... 55 Fig. 10.1. Example of a health advisory ............................................ 77 Fig. 10.2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency form for reporting a fish kill caused by pollution .............................................................. 81 V I