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~ The Colorado River flows through 1,440 miles of arid, to semi-arid land, but this river basin only produces about 60 acre-feet of water per square mile which is less than that produced by any other major river in the United States. (Utah Water Research Laboratory, 1975). Presently, this river serves 15 million people by supplying water to cities, to irrigated agriculture, and to energy production, industry, and mining. It is anticipated that the urban population of the Colorado River basin will increase about 250% between 1960 and 2000 thereby requiring a threefold increase in municipal water use (Crawford and Peterson, 1973). In addition, the development of some of the largest sources of natural energy fuels in the country will require a large quantity of water in the future. .. The history and importance of the Colorado River Basin is described concisely by Cra~ford and Peterson (1973): UThe Colorado is probably the most utilized, controlled and fought over river in the world. It flows through lands of incomparable beauty and includes nearly seven percent of the nation's contiguous land mass, including parts of seven states. From the time of the early settlers to the present, the water of the Colorado River has been the key to development of the arid region.u Numerous water development projects have been completed, others are in progress, and still others are contemplated for the Upper Colorado River Basin. Although much information is available on this valuable river basin, it is widely scattered among various institutions, and federal and state agencies. The original purpose of this annotated biob1iography was to compile information on the distribution, relative abundance, and ecology of fish and macroinvertebrates in the Upper Colorado River Basin as a ready refer.... ence source for present and future studies. However, it soon became apparent to us that the addition of selected references from various disciplines such as archeology, ecology, economics, geology, history, hydrology, and la~, as well as other subjects, would greatly enhance the value of this refer- ence by broadening its usefulness. We therefore, included subjects as references that would have a direct or indirect effect on the river environment and, consequently on the aquatic organisms that inhabit this river. References on the ecology and life history of fish or macroinverte- brates from the lo~er basin or other waters are included to add to the understanding of these organisms in the upper basin. In addition, other ~ references are included that may not deal specifically with the Upper Colorado River, but that may be valuable for knowledge or interpretation. ~ Selected keywords were assigned to all references and are indexed for convenience and ease in locating the literature on particular subjects. The annotations are brief, but descriptive and should further help in choosing references for detailed review by the reader. For reports that are published annually, such as the U. S. Geological Survey water supply and aquatic records, only the latest volume was given as a reference with the beginning date of the series.