92 )ournal of Weather Modification Volume 41
<br />retained particles, collo(ds, and solution in six
<br />Texas estuaries. Marine Chemistry, 45, 307-
<br />336.
<br />Bianchini, A., and C. Wood, 2008: Does sulfide
<br />or water hardness protect against chronic
<br />siiver toxicity in Daphnia magna? A critical
<br />assessment of the acute-to-chranic toxicity
<br />ratio for silver. Ecotoxicology and Environ-
<br />mental Safety, 71, 32-40 Part 2: toxicity re-
<br />sults. Environmental Toxicology and Chemis-
<br />try, 21, 1294-1300.
<br />Bielmyer, G.K., R.A. Bell, and S.J. Klaine, 2002:
<br />Effects of ligand-bound silver on Ceriodaph-
<br />nia dubia. Environmental Toxico%gy and
<br />Chemistry, 21, 2204-2208.
<br />Bowen, H.J.M., 1986: Environmental Chemistry
<br />of the Elements. Academic Press. 348 pgs.
<br />Bowles, K.C., R.A. Beli, M.J. Emste, J.R.
<br />Kramer, H. Manolopoulos, and N. Ogden,
<br />2002a: Synthesis and characterization of
<br />metal sulfide clusters for toxicological stud-
<br />ies. Environmental Toxicology end Chemis-
<br />try, 21, 693-699.
<br />Bowles, K.C., A. Bianchini, C.J. Brauner, J.R.
<br />Kramer, and C.M. Wood, 2002b: Evaluation
<br />of the effect of reactive sulflde on the acute
<br />toxicity of silver (1) to Daphnia magna. Part 1:
<br />description of the chemical system. Environ-
<br />menta/ Toxico%gy and Chemistry, 21, 1286-
<br />1293.
<br />Boyer, E.W., G.M. Homberger, K.E. Bencala,
<br />and D.M. McKnight, 2000: Effects of asyn-
<br />chronous snowmelt on flushing of dissolved
<br />organic carbon: a mixing model approach.
<br />Hydrologica! Processes, 14, 3291-3308.
<br />Bryan, G.W. and W.J. Langston, 1992: Bioavail-
<br />ability, accumulation and effects of heavy
<br />metals in sediments with speclal reference to
<br />United Kingdom estuaries: a review. Environ-
<br />menta/ Poltution, 76, 89-131.
<br />Bury, N.R., J.C. McGeer, and C.M. Wood, 1999:
<br />Effects of altering freshwater chemistry on
<br />physiologicai responses of rainbow trout to
<br />silver exposure. Environmental Toxico%gy
<br />and Chemistry, 18, 49-55.
<br />Call, D.J:, C.N. Polkinghorne, T.P. Markee, L.T.
<br />Brooke, D.L. Geiger, J.W. Gorsuch, and A.
<br />Robillard, 1999: Silver toxicity to Chironomus
<br />tentans in two freshwater sediments. Envi-
<br />ronmenta/ Toxicology and Chemistry, 18, 30-
<br />39.
<br />Coleman R.L., and J.E. Cearley 1974: Silver tox-
<br />icity and accumulation in largemouth bass
<br />and bluegill. Bulletin of Environmental Con-
<br />tamination and Toxicology, 12-1, 53-61.
<br />Connell, D.B., J.G. Sanders, G.F. Riedel, and
<br />G.R. Abbe, 1991: Pathways of silver uptake
<br />and trophic transfer In estuarine organisms.
<br />Environmental Science and Technology, 25,
<br />921-924.
<br />Cotton, F.A., and G. Wilkinson, 1962: Advanced
<br />lnorganic Chemistry. John Wiiey and Sons.
<br />Davies, P.H., J.P. Gosttl, Jr., and J.R. Sinley,
<br />1978: Toxicity of Silver to Rainbow Trout
<br />(Sa/mo Gairdnen). Water Research Vol. 2, p
<br />113-117.
<br />Diamond, J.M., D.G. Mackler, M. Collins, and D.
<br />Gruber, 1990: Derivation of a freshwater sil-
<br />ver criteria for the New River, Virglnia, using
<br />representative species. Environmental Toxi-
<br />co%gy and Chemistry, 9: 1425-1434.
<br />Dick, C., 1998: Effects of silver iodide: assess-
<br />ment of environmental impacts. Hydro Elec-
<br />tric Corporation Experimental Cloud Seeding
<br />Program, 1 to 12 Report.
<br />Eisler, R. 1996: Chemical risk assessment:
<br />health hazards to humans, plants, and ani-
<br />mals. Voi 1, Metals, Chapter 7, Silver. US
<br />Geological Survey, Patuxent Wiidlife Re-
<br />search Center, Laurel, Maryland.
<br />Erickson, R.J., L.T. Brooke, M.D. Kahl, F.V.
<br />Venter, S.L. Harting, T.P. Markee, and R.L.
<br />Spehar, 1998: Effects of laboratory test con-
<br />ditions on the toxicity of siiver to aquatic or-
<br />ganisms. Environmental Toxico%gy and
<br />Chemisfry, 17, 572-578.
<br />Ferguson, E.A. and G. Hogstrand, 1998: Acute
<br />siiver toxicity to seawater-acciimated rainbow
<br />trout: influence of salinity on toxicity and sil-
<br />ver speciation. Environmental Toxico%gy and
<br />Chemistry, 17, 589-593.
<br />- Scientific Papers -
|