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1 1 1 CHAPTER 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PREFACE ............................................................................................. 6-1 PROJECT PURPOSE AND NEED .............................................................. 6-1 PROPOSED ACTION AND ALTERNATIVES ............................................... 6-3 Description of Alternatives Selected for Detailed Analysis ................................ 6-4 No Action ....................................................................................... 6-4 Proposed Action - Elkhead Reservoir Enlarged to 44,900 af .......................... 6-4 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Detailed Analysis ......................... 6-5 Smaller Elkhead Reservoir Enlargement .................................................. 6-5 Enlargement of Stagecoach Reservoir ..................................................... 6-7 Development of Williams Fork Reservoir Site ........................................... 6-7 Development of Elk Creek Reservoir Site . 6-8 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES ...... 6-8 Physical Environment ............................................................................ 6-9 t Physiography and Geology ................................................................... 6-9 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................. 6-11 r? 1 1 t 11 Soils .............................................................................................6-12 Hydrology ...................................................................................... 6-13 Groundwater ................................................................................... 6-35 Water Quality .................................................................................. 6-36 Air Quality ..................................................................................... 6-41 Visual Resources .............................................................................. 6-42 Cultural Resources ............................................................................6-44 Biological Environment ......................................................................... 6-45 Vegetation ...................................................................................... 6-45 Wetlands, Riparian Areas and Flood Plains ............................................. 6-48 Wildlife ......................................................................................... 6-49 Aquatic Species .............................................................. ...............6-50 Threatened and Endangered Species ...................................................... 6-52 Other Species of Concern ................................................................... 6-57 Socioeconomic Environment ................................................................... 6-60 Population Estimates and Land Use ....................................................... 6-60 Regional Economic Profile .................................................................. 6-61 Tourism and Recreation ..................................................................... 6-63 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND POSSIBLE MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................................................................. 6-64 LIST OF PREPARERS ............................................................................ 6-68 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES ....................................................... 6-69 I lv