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<br />EFFECTS OF FIRE ON THREATENED AND ENDANGERED PLANTs 5 <br /> <br />.:_...Q.....J~ <br /> <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br /> <br /> D o to 5 Species <br /> II 6 to 20 Species <br /> . 21 to 50 Species <br />,. <br />..- <br />.,. . 51 to 99 Species <br />. <br /> . Over 100 Species <br /> <br />Fig. 2. Number of federally listed endangered, threatened, and category-one plant species per state as of September 1993. <br /> <br />Table 3. Scientific names, common names, federal statuses, references to species in this bibliography, and summaries <br />of responses by these species to fire. Status codes: E = Endangered; T = Threatened; CI = Category-one candidate; <br />C2 = Category-two candidate; 3C = Category-three species; 0 = not federally listed. <br /> <br />Response <br /> <br />Scientific name Common name Status <br />Abronia macrocarpa Large-fruited sand verbena E <br />Abulilon E <br />eremitopetalum <br />A. menziesii Ko'ola'ula E <br />A. sandwicense E <br />Agalinis acuta Sandplain gerardia E <br />Amorpha crenulata Crenulate leadplant E <br />(S = A, herbacea var. <br />crenulata) <br />Amsinckia grandiflora Large-flowered fiddleneck E <br /> <br />Arctostaphylos glandulosa <br /> <br />A. hookeri <br />ssp. montana <br />A, mynifolia <br /> <br />Tamalpais manzanita <br /> <br />lone manzanita <br /> <br />Sourcea <br /> <br />USFWSb 1992e Fire may maintain favorable habitat <br />USFWS 1991 f Fire poses a significant threat <br /> <br />USFWS 1986a <br />USFWS 1991a <br />Jordon 1994 <br />USFWS I 989c <br />USFWSI988b <br />Gordon 1992b <br /> <br />Pavlik 1991 <br />Pavlik 1993 <br /> <br />Pavlovic 1994 <br />USFWS 1985e <br /> <br />o <br /> <br />Kelly and <br />Parker 1990 <br />Parker 1987 <br /> <br />C2 <br /> <br />CI <br /> <br />Gankin and <br />Major 1964 <br />Wood and <br />Parker 1988 <br /> <br />Threatened by fIre <br />Threatened by fire <br />Fire may increase number of individuals <br />May require disturbance such as fire <br />Fire may maintain suitable habitat <br />Occurs in a fire adapted community <br /> <br />Fire maintains favorable habitat <br />Mortality rates decreased and survivor- <br />ship increased following a fall bum <br /> <br />Controlled burns may have adverse or <br />positive effect on this species <br />Resprouts following fire <br /> <br />Decrease in gennination following <br />winter burn <br />FIre kills adults, but may encourage <br />seedling establishment <br />Must regenerate from seed following <br />fIre, but fire may increase <br />gennination rates <br />