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from 1000 randomly generated replicates (for 4+6 by data, maximum x2=156.9; for 6 by data, <br />maximum x2=51.9). Haplotype frequencies, therefore, vary significantly among populations. <br />Estimates of 8 (the proportion of variation distributed among subpopulations) derived <br />from the two data sets are essentially the same, with 20-25% of the existing variation <br />distributed among populations (4+6 by haplotypes, 6.22; 6 by haplotypes only, 9=0.24). <br />Unlike Monte Carlo simulation, jackknifing across samples for both sets of data failed to <br />detect significant heterogeneity of populations, as means were not significantly different from <br />0 (4+6 by haplotypes, mean 6=0.19, standard deviation~.13; 6 by haplotypes only, mean <br />6.23, standard deviation=0.15). <br />Because of the questionable nature of the upper Colorado River sample, A was calculated <br />after its exclusion. As in previous analyses, both sets of composite haplotype profiles <br />provided essentially the same estimate of 8, but only approximately 10% of the variation was <br />distributed among this set of populations (4+6 by haplotypes, 6=0.11; 6 by haplotypes only, <br />8=0.10). Once again, means were not significantly different from 0 (4+6 by haplotypes, <br />mean 8=0.09, standard deviation=0.06; 6 by haplotypes only, mean 6=0.10, standard <br />deviation=0.07), indicating similarity of allele frequencies across populations. <br />The composite haplotype profiles obtained from 4 and 6 by enzymes were also used to <br />partition estimates of sequence divergence into within- and among-population components. <br />When al' populations were included, average sequence divergence among all individuals was <br />0.00447 (i.e., 0.447%). Only a small fraction (ca. 22%) was due to divergence among <br />populations (0.00097 or 0.097%), with most of the nucleotide diversity found within <br />populations (0.0035 or 0.3~%). Exclusion of the upper Colorado River sample did not <br />significantly alter the estimate among all individuals (0.00474 or 0.474%); however, estimates <br />of within population diversity (0.00437 or 0.437%) increased while population divergence <br />9 <br />