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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:33 PM
Creation date
6/1/2009 11:59:55 AM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
8165
Author
Czapla, T. E.
Title
Genetics Management Plan (Revised).
USFW Year
1999.
USFW - Doc Type
Denver, Colorado.
Copyright Material
NO
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1 <br />t and Wydoski 1994), (2) describes criteria for holding, rearing and stocking captive-reared <br />endangered fish (Box 6 in Williamson and Wydoski 1994), (3) outlines guidelines for preparation <br />of stocking plans (Box 7 in Williamson and Wydoski 1994), (4) provides an estimate of the number <br />of endangered adults required to develop a broodstock based on current estimates of attrition rates, <br />and (S) provides protocol for disposition of captive reared endangered fish. The document <br />describes rationale for genetic conservation (i.e., "why" and "how"), genetics concepts, and genetic <br />risks to be considered in planning and management involving recovery of endangered fishes in the <br />upper basin. <br /> 2. Genetics Management Plan (Revised as needed). This document (1) provides justification for the <br />identification and classification of endangered fish stocks in the upper basin, (2) describes rationale <br /> for decisions related to genetics management of specific stocks, (3) establishes priorities for <br /> effective and rational genetics management for species and stocks by river reach, and (4) <br /> recommends management actions by species and stocks. Implementation of this plan is through the <br /> Annual Operations Plan, broodstock, stocking and facilities plans. <br /> 3. Annual Operation Plan (accepted by 12/1 each yeaz). Describes the broodstock development <br />expected over the next year as well as production number for stocking plans that can be meet. <br /> <br />i <br /> <br /> <br />f <br />t <br /> <br /> <br />u <br />1 <br /> <br />1 <br />4. Broodstock Plan. Identified in the Genetics Management Plan and implemented in the Annual <br />Operation Plan. <br />5. Stockin Pg lans. A "Stocking Plan" will be prepared on a case-by-case basis with justification for <br />stocking. Although priorities for which stocks to augment or restore are identified in this Genetics <br />Management Plan (Tables 3 and 4) and the circumstances in which the use of stocking to contribute <br />to the recovery of these fish populations aze also discussed in this plan (just below), the more <br />specific uses and priorities are in the hands of the Program committees using adaptive <br />management and consensus of opinion in the approval and implementation of individual <br />stocking and monitoring plans. The recently accepted stocking plan for the State of Colorado <br />(Kesler 1998) serves as an example of a specific plan that is consistent with the consensus identified <br />in Tables 3 and 4 of this plan. <br />6. Facilities Operations Plan (reviewed annually by January of each year). Describes the necessary <br />facilities to meet the productivity objectives of stocking plans. <br />Conservation of natural genetic diversity is fundamental to both short-term ecological adaptation to various <br />environmental conditions and the long-term evolution of a species through natural selection. The extinction of <br />indigenous fish stocks is generally preceded by the loss of genetic diversity within and among populations. As <br />species decline to the point where they are listed as threatened or endangered, each remaining stock could play <br />an important role in increasing the probability for recovery (Rohlf 1991). Natural reproduction is the goal in <br />the recovery of endangered fishes in the Upper Colorado River Basin so that the stocks will become self- <br />sustaining. Efforts will be made to protect or restore viable wild stocks by removing or significantly reducing <br />limiting factors that caused the declines in numbers and range (Box 1). <br />Endangered fish stocks which do not have sufficient recruitment to maintain self-sustaining populations <br />require artificial genetic recruitment from other stocks to prevent extinction or captive propagation to produce <br />fish for experiments related to reseazch studies and for augmentation or restoration stocking (Williams et al. <br />1988). Program needs for captive-reazed endangered fish have been identified for (1) genetic refugia and <br />broodstock development, (2) reseazch and development, (3) augmentation and restoration stocking and (4) <br />information and education (Wydowski 1994). Refuges serve a vital function in maintaining endangered fish <br />that may become extinct in the wild due to declines in populations or from catastrophic risks; but also for <br />broodstock development. Captive-reared endangered fish are needed for research to conduct laboratory and <br />field experiments designed to study ecological requirements, habitat use, interactions with nonnative fishes, <br />response to contaminants in acute or chronic bioassays, homing (e.g., olfaction and chemoreception studies), <br />fish passage, taxonomy, anatomy, and physiology as well as performance, fitness, and hereditary traits. <br />Endangered fish specimens can be used in public relations programs as a means to inform the public about <br /> <br />
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