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D. Sharing Methods and Procedure <br />The objective of the present study is to determine the effects on tribal economies, of actions <br />undertaken on behalf of the four endangered fishes. The direct impacts occur both on and off <br />tribal lands, and so the total impacts (direct plus indirect) will be felt on and off tribal lands. As <br />discussed earlier, the regional economy consists of tribal and non-tribal activities in the 10- <br />county region. Actions taken on behalf of the endangered fishes affect both areas. <br />The technique to determine the impacts to the tribal economies is to "shaze" the tribal <br />consequences from the total economic consequences in the 10-county region. The task is to find <br />a means of delineating the tribal economies' share of the economy of the entire region. Two <br />approaches to this sharing procedure are reported here. These two approaches serve to bracket <br />the results. <br />Population-based approach. The first approach is to use the shaze of population on tribal lands in <br />the region. This population-based approach will likely overestimate the actual economic <br />consequences given that the unem~lo ent rate (see Table 3-D-1) on tribal lands is above the <br />average for the region as a whole. Sharing on the basis of population implicitly assumes that the <br />tribal economies aze representative of the average for the region. Since the unemployment rate <br />on the tribal lands is below the regional average, the level of economic activity is lower than the <br />average. Thus, sharing on the population basis will lead to an overestimate of the impacts since <br />tribal economies have a less than average level of economic activity. <br />Emplovment-based approach. The second approach is to use the shaze of total regional <br />employment held by tribal members. Sharing on the basis of employment will underestimate the <br />impacts. The general argument is based on Table 2-A-2, which shows that labor moves freely <br />between tribal and non-tribal lands. To the extent that the labor force migration from the tribal <br />lands is greater than that to the tribal lands, sharing on the basis of relative employment will <br />understate the impacts. <br />22 <br />