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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:31 PM
Creation date
5/22/2009 7:28:49 PM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
7759
Author
Beyers, D. W. and M. S. Farmer.
Title
Effects of Copper and Zinc on Olfaction of Colorado Squawfish as Estimated by Behavioral Assay.
USFW Year
1994.
USFW - Doc Type
\
Copyright Material
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dilution-water controls would show normal receptors. To reduce <br />potential for investigator bias, SEM surveys of olfactory <br />epithelium of control and toxicant-exposed fish were limited to <br />the same general regions of the olfactory surface. The target <br />region was systematically surveyed at a magnification of 10,000X <br />for a period of 15 min. The number of ciliated and microvillous <br />receptor cells that were encountered during the survey period was <br />recorded. At least three fish from inhibitory toxicant <br />concentrations and controls were examined. <br />Statistical Analysis <br />Linear logistic regression by the method of maximum <br />likelihood (SAS Institute 1990), was used to analyze the binomial <br />response variable for olfactory ability (inhibited or not <br />inhibited) as a function of toxicant concentration. <br />Intercept-only, and intercept-and-covariate models were evaluated <br />for each analysis and the amount each parameter improved a model <br />was assessed with AIC. Goodness of fit of selected models was <br />assessed by calculating a chi-square statistic for model <br />deviance (SAS Institute 1993), and examining data and residual <br />plots. Prior to regression analysis, toxicant concentrations <br />were loglo transformed. Regression equations were used to <br />estimate median effective concentrations (EC50) and their 95% <br />confidence intervals for inhibition of olfaction. Concentrations <br />of copper and zinc estimated to inhibit olfaction in 1% of the <br />test organisms (EC1) were also calculated. The 1% level was <br />9 <br />
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