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1 <br />T1,c "dealer" would be dcltncd as a firm or person wltosc <br />income derives from live .ornamental aquarium (isltes. <br />4. Urge that tl)c impprtalion of fishes for purposes of <br />research not involving introduction inloa nawral ecosystem, or <br />for display in public aquaria by individuals or organizaitons, be <br />made under agreement with responsible 9ovemmcnt agencies. <br />Sucl) importers will be subject to investigatory procedures <br />currently existing and/or to be developed, and species so <br />imported shall be kept under conditions preventing escape or <br />accidental introduction. Aquarium hobbyists should be en- <br />couraged to purchase rare ornamental fishes through such <br />importers. No fishes shall be released into any natural ecosys• <br />Lem upon termination of research or display. <br />S. Urge that all species considered for release be prohbited <br />and considered undesirable (or any purposes of introduction <br />into any ecosystem unless that species shall have been evalu- <br />ated upon the following bases and found to be desirable: <br />a. RATIONALE. Reasons for seeking an import should be <br />clearly stated and demonstrated. It should be clearly noted <br />what qualities are sought that would make the import more <br />desirable than native forms. <br />b. SEARCH. Within the qualifications set forth under RAT1- <br />ONALJ=, asearch of possible contenders should be made, <br />with a list prepared of those that appear most likely to <br />succeed, and the favorable and unfavorable aspects of <br />each species noted. <br />c. PREiJMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT. This <br />should go beyond the area of RATIONALE to consider <br />impact on target aquatic ecosystems, general effect on <br />game and food fishes or waterfowl, on aquatic plants and <br />public health. The published information on the species <br />should be reviewed and the species should be studied in <br />prCliT:r.~N fashion in its bictope. <br />d PUBLit:.!TY AND REVIEW. Tne subjec should be cm <br />ttrely open and expen advice should Le sough,. I: is at this <br />point that thoroughness iS to order. !'Jo importation is so <br />urgent that it should no; be sub;ect to _arelul evaluaticn. <br />e. EXPERIMENTAL. RESEARCI~. If a prospective im7o-t <br />passes tie first four steps, a research program should be <br />tn!ltdlCd by dr, appropriate agency or orgaru2a!ior to le5l <br />the ie,port ut cOnfu,ed waters (ex.perin:Cn;al ponds, etc.) <br />f EIiALUAI ION OR R[COMP~IENDAT!UN. Again public <br />ity is in order and complete reports should be circulated <br />amongst interested scientists and presemed for pub- <br />Gcation. <br />g.1NTRODUCTION Wtth lavorable evaluation, the re- <br />leases should be effected and monnored, ~.vith results pub- <br />lished or urculated <br />Because animals do not respect polutcal boundaries, it would <br />seem that an international, national. and regtonalagcncy should <br />be involved at the start and have the veto power at the end. <br />Under this procedure there is no doubt that lever introductions <br />would be accomplished, but quality and-not quantity is desirod <br />and many mistakes might be avoided <br />B. The Society encourages intc:na;,onal national. and rc <br />gional natural resource agcnc~c~ to endorse and lollow the <br />intent of the aoove pos~t~on <br />C. The Society encourages mternauonal harmonization of <br />guidelines. protocols. codes of practice, etc . as they apply to <br />tntroduu~on of aquatic spcc~cs <br />D. 1~tShCnCS prOICSStOndtS and Other dquJlK SPCCtdItSIS arc <br />urged to become more aware of issues relating to introduced <br />species. <br />Literature Cited <br />Alexander, G. R. 1977. Consumption of small trout by large pry, tory <br />brown trout in the North branch ol.the Au Sable River 1"lichgan. <br />Michigan pepanment of Natural Resources, Fizheries Research <br />Report 18$$:1.26. <br />1479. Predators o! fish in Coldwater streams. Pages 153.170 <br />in H. C1ePpcr, cd. Predator•prty syzlans m fisheries rT'ar'a3~*+ent <br />Spon Fisti;rg Institute, Washington, DC <br />Anderson, R. S. 1981. Food habits o! selected non-natn.e lanes: <br />stomach contents. First annual performance report, Non-Native Fish <br />Research Laboratory, Florida Garrx and Fresh Water Fish Cornm;s. <br />Sion, Boca Raton, FL. 16 pp. <br />1982- Food habits o! selected non-native ftshes: sto.-ruch <br />contents. Second annual performance rePOn, Non•Native F,sh <br />Research Laboratory, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commis <br />lion, Boca Raton, FL 22 pp. <br />Chevassus, B. 1979. Hybtidizatan in salmonids: results and txrspec <br />rives. Aquaculture 17:113-128. <br />Contreras-B. S., and M. A_ Fscalante-C 1984. Distnbutim and <br />known impacts of exotic fishes in Mexico. Pages 102.130 in W. R. <br />Councnay, Jr. and J. R Stauffer, Jr., eds. Distnbutiort biology, and <br />management of exotic riche- The Johru Hoplitru Univ. Press, Salt;. <br />more, MD. <br />Courtenay, W- R_, Jr~ and C. rZ. Rob;ns_ 1973. Exottc aquat.c orga <br />nisms in Florida with emphasis on fishes: a review and rerorv:,.erda <br />Lions- Trans. Am Fish_ Soc. 102:1-12. <br />Grossman, E J- 1984.Introductionolexotic fishes intoCanad~. Fages <br />78-101 in W- R. Councnay, Jr. and J. R. Stauffer, Jr-, eds. Ds:: i5u <br />uon, biology, and management o! exotic fishes. Thc Johns ^.»~,ns <br />Univ. Press, Baltimore, MD. <br />Dangcl, J. R.. P.T. Maq~, and F. C. ttithler. 1973- A.~notat~-_ ;:5!,`, <br />granny a: ~nterzpecifa hybndizaoun of fish?s of the ~uhfamd~ ;~:.-,~ <br />ntnac. U.S. Uepanenent of C^mmerce. NOAH Techn,cr., l•:?-,o:a, <br />dum WNMFSFC-1- q$ pp <br />Germany, R. D. 1977. Populat:en dynamic> of the blue r,lap:a t,=... s <br />cllects on the fish poputattons of Tnn,dad La4c, Teas. ~~ =;:pray <br />dtssenatior.. Texas A&M University, Cofcge Station. ?,i;. " <br />Hiclding, C. F. 1951. Tropical in:and 6sherics. John 1V,izy a-~ C~-g <br />New Ye:1. n`1'. 28? Pp- <br />Hogg, R- G- 1 q i6. Ecologe o: Lsbes of i~ie Iamily C,ci,~~pee n: r _._ _ ~? C <br />unp the I: esh waters o(Dade Coun:g. Fbrida- Doctoral d~ss_::?:.,,, <br />Un,vcrvty of h;tami. Coral Gables. FL. 142 pp. <br />Hoftman.G. L_ 1970.Imcrcorninenttlandtranxonancntalca.v_-„~~ <br />Dori and uanslautsation of 5sh par~sdes with emphases on <,:6ng <br />dnease (1'lyrosomo cerebrolrs). Am Fish $oc Spec PvJ' _ -~-c 1 <br />1931. Recently imPOned parasnes of baaGsh?s t-.: :cis <br />t~~cs Pages e545 in Third annual p:oceed~ng Cathsh F~--.rs o' <br />'+n,cn:a :?5^_Lrch 40;k5hpp- Las t+t~as. C\v <br />Holtman, G. L and G. Schubcn. 1984 $pme parasaes c ~..~:~c <br />fishes Pages Z33 251 rn ltr_ R. Courtenay. Jr. and J R Str_ '?:. J: <br />eds. Drstnbution, biology, and management of cxot~c Gsr•.?s T1,c <br />Johns Hopkins Un,v. Press. Baltimore. MD <br />Knagys. F H. 1977. Status oI the genus TJopio to Cahforn,a s es: uanne <br />and marmc waters. California-Nevada Wldldc Transac+.ons <br />1977-60 67 <br />Kohler, C C.. and tq. R. Courtcnay,Jr. 1986. Regulai~ng ~n~r~ ;uccd <br />aouatic s;,cc~cs a rrv,cLL of past miGativcs. F,shcncs 11(2).3= 3~ <br />Kohler. C. C., and J- G. Stanley. 1984. A suggcsicd Dra'_-_ol for <br />Cvdludlmg prOpOSed CxO1K fish introduci,~ns in the Un~tec Stares <br />Pages 387-406 in W_ R- Councnay. Jr. and J- R- Staulfer- Jr . cds <br />D~Stnbut,pn_ b.olpgy and managemem of cxoiic fishes. Th-- Johns <br />Honk~ns lJn,,. Press- Bah,more- MD <br />23 <br />