1
<br />T1,c "dealer" would be dcltncd as a firm or person wltosc
<br />income derives from live .ornamental aquarium (isltes.
<br />4. Urge that tl)c impprtalion of fishes for purposes of
<br />research not involving introduction inloa nawral ecosystem, or
<br />for display in public aquaria by individuals or organizaitons, be
<br />made under agreement with responsible 9ovemmcnt agencies.
<br />Sucl) importers will be subject to investigatory procedures
<br />currently existing and/or to be developed, and species so
<br />imported shall be kept under conditions preventing escape or
<br />accidental introduction. Aquarium hobbyists should be en-
<br />couraged to purchase rare ornamental fishes through such
<br />importers. No fishes shall be released into any natural ecosys•
<br />Lem upon termination of research or display.
<br />S. Urge that all species considered for release be prohbited
<br />and considered undesirable (or any purposes of introduction
<br />into any ecosystem unless that species shall have been evalu-
<br />ated upon the following bases and found to be desirable:
<br />a. RATIONALE. Reasons for seeking an import should be
<br />clearly stated and demonstrated. It should be clearly noted
<br />what qualities are sought that would make the import more
<br />desirable than native forms.
<br />b. SEARCH. Within the qualifications set forth under RAT1-
<br />ONALJ=, asearch of possible contenders should be made,
<br />with a list prepared of those that appear most likely to
<br />succeed, and the favorable and unfavorable aspects of
<br />each species noted.
<br />c. PREiJMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT. This
<br />should go beyond the area of RATIONALE to consider
<br />impact on target aquatic ecosystems, general effect on
<br />game and food fishes or waterfowl, on aquatic plants and
<br />public health. The published information on the species
<br />should be reviewed and the species should be studied in
<br />prCliT:r.~N fashion in its bictope.
<br />d PUBLit:.!TY AND REVIEW. Tne subjec should be cm
<br />ttrely open and expen advice should Le sough,. I: is at this
<br />point that thoroughness iS to order. !'Jo importation is so
<br />urgent that it should no; be sub;ect to _arelul evaluaticn.
<br />e. EXPERIMENTAL. RESEARCI~. If a prospective im7o-t
<br />passes tie first four steps, a research program should be
<br />tn!ltdlCd by dr, appropriate agency or orgaru2a!ior to le5l
<br />the ie,port ut cOnfu,ed waters (ex.perin:Cn;al ponds, etc.)
<br />f EIiALUAI ION OR R[COMP~IENDAT!UN. Again public
<br />ity is in order and complete reports should be circulated
<br />amongst interested scientists and presemed for pub-
<br />Gcation.
<br />g.1NTRODUCTION Wtth lavorable evaluation, the re-
<br />leases should be effected and monnored, ~.vith results pub-
<br />lished or urculated
<br />Because animals do not respect polutcal boundaries, it would
<br />seem that an international, national. and regtonalagcncy should
<br />be involved at the start and have the veto power at the end.
<br />Under this procedure there is no doubt that lever introductions
<br />would be accomplished, but quality and-not quantity is desirod
<br />and many mistakes might be avoided
<br />B. The Society encourages intc:na;,onal national. and rc
<br />gional natural resource agcnc~c~ to endorse and lollow the
<br />intent of the aoove pos~t~on
<br />C. The Society encourages mternauonal harmonization of
<br />guidelines. protocols. codes of practice, etc . as they apply to
<br />tntroduu~on of aquatic spcc~cs
<br />D. 1~tShCnCS prOICSStOndtS and Other dquJlK SPCCtdItSIS arc
<br />urged to become more aware of issues relating to introduced
<br />species.
<br />Literature Cited
<br />Alexander, G. R. 1977. Consumption of small trout by large pry, tory
<br />brown trout in the North branch ol.the Au Sable River 1"lichgan.
<br />Michigan pepanment of Natural Resources, Fizheries Research
<br />Report 18$$:1.26.
<br />1479. Predators o! fish in Coldwater streams. Pages 153.170
<br />in H. C1ePpcr, cd. Predator•prty syzlans m fisheries rT'ar'a3~*+ent
<br />Spon Fisti;rg Institute, Washington, DC
<br />Anderson, R. S. 1981. Food habits o! selected non-natn.e lanes:
<br />stomach contents. First annual performance report, Non-Native Fish
<br />Research Laboratory, Florida Garrx and Fresh Water Fish Cornm;s.
<br />Sion, Boca Raton, FL. 16 pp.
<br />1982- Food habits o! selected non-native ftshes: sto.-ruch
<br />contents. Second annual performance rePOn, Non•Native F,sh
<br />Research Laboratory, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commis
<br />lion, Boca Raton, FL 22 pp.
<br />Chevassus, B. 1979. Hybtidizatan in salmonids: results and txrspec
<br />rives. Aquaculture 17:113-128.
<br />Contreras-B. S., and M. A_ Fscalante-C 1984. Distnbutim and
<br />known impacts of exotic fishes in Mexico. Pages 102.130 in W. R.
<br />Councnay, Jr. and J. R Stauffer, Jr., eds. Distnbutiort biology, and
<br />management of exotic riche- The Johru Hoplitru Univ. Press, Salt;.
<br />more, MD.
<br />Courtenay, W- R_, Jr~ and C. rZ. Rob;ns_ 1973. Exottc aquat.c orga
<br />nisms in Florida with emphasis on fishes: a review and rerorv:,.erda
<br />Lions- Trans. Am Fish_ Soc. 102:1-12.
<br />Grossman, E J- 1984.Introductionolexotic fishes intoCanad~. Fages
<br />78-101 in W- R. Councnay, Jr. and J. R. Stauffer, Jr-, eds. Ds:: i5u
<br />uon, biology, and management o! exotic fishes. Thc Johns ^.»~,ns
<br />Univ. Press, Baltimore, MD.
<br />Dangcl, J. R.. P.T. Maq~, and F. C. ttithler. 1973- A.~notat~-_ ;:5!,`,
<br />granny a: ~nterzpecifa hybndizaoun of fish?s of the ~uhfamd~ ;~:.-,~
<br />ntnac. U.S. Uepanenent of C^mmerce. NOAH Techn,cr., l•:?-,o:a,
<br />dum WNMFSFC-1- q$ pp
<br />Germany, R. D. 1977. Populat:en dynamic> of the blue r,lap:a t,=... s
<br />cllects on the fish poputattons of Tnn,dad La4c, Teas. ~~ =;:pray
<br />dtssenatior.. Texas A&M University, Cofcge Station. ?,i;. "
<br />Hiclding, C. F. 1951. Tropical in:and 6sherics. John 1V,izy a-~ C~-g
<br />New Ye:1. n`1'. 28? Pp-
<br />Hogg, R- G- 1 q i6. Ecologe o: Lsbes of i~ie Iamily C,ci,~~pee n: r _._ _ ~? C
<br />unp the I: esh waters o(Dade Coun:g. Fbrida- Doctoral d~ss_::?:.,,,
<br />Un,vcrvty of h;tami. Coral Gables. FL. 142 pp.
<br />Hoftman.G. L_ 1970.Imcrcorninenttlandtranxonancntalca.v_-„~~
<br />Dori and uanslautsation of 5sh par~sdes with emphases on <,:6ng
<br />dnease (1'lyrosomo cerebrolrs). Am Fish $oc Spec PvJ' _ -~-c 1
<br />1931. Recently imPOned parasnes of baaGsh?s t-.: :cis
<br />t~~cs Pages e545 in Third annual p:oceed~ng Cathsh F~--.rs o'
<br />'+n,cn:a :?5^_Lrch 40;k5hpp- Las t+t~as. C\v
<br />Holtman, G. L and G. Schubcn. 1984 $pme parasaes c ~..~:~c
<br />fishes Pages Z33 251 rn ltr_ R. Courtenay. Jr. and J R Str_ '?:. J:
<br />eds. Drstnbution, biology, and management of cxot~c Gsr•.?s T1,c
<br />Johns Hopkins Un,v. Press. Baltimore. MD
<br />Knagys. F H. 1977. Status oI the genus TJopio to Cahforn,a s es: uanne
<br />and marmc waters. California-Nevada Wldldc Transac+.ons
<br />1977-60 67
<br />Kohler, C C.. and tq. R. Courtcnay,Jr. 1986. Regulai~ng ~n~r~ ;uccd
<br />aouatic s;,cc~cs a rrv,cLL of past miGativcs. F,shcncs 11(2).3= 3~
<br />Kohler. C. C., and J- G. Stanley. 1984. A suggcsicd Dra'_-_ol for
<br />Cvdludlmg prOpOSed CxO1K fish introduci,~ns in the Un~tec Stares
<br />Pages 387-406 in W_ R- Councnay. Jr. and J- R- Staulfer- Jr . cds
<br />D~Stnbut,pn_ b.olpgy and managemem of cxoiic fishes. Th-- Johns
<br />Honk~ns lJn,,. Press- Bah,more- MD
<br />23
<br />
|