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1950
<br />JOHNSON ET AL.
<br />fishes may fall into greater peril as dismption of the
<br />natural hydrograph compounds the direct effects of
<br />nonnative predators. The natural flow regime that is
<br />characteristic of streams in the southwestem United
<br />States can favor recruitment of native fishes and can be
<br />detrimental to nonnative species (Minckley and Meffe
<br />1987; Marchetti and Moyle 2001; Propst and Gido
<br />2004). Thus, protecting the Yampa River's relatively
<br />natural hydrograph should be part of a native fish
<br />management strategy, providing direct and indirect
<br />benefits to native fishes.
<br />Continued monitoring of the diet and demographics
<br />of all nonnative piscivores and a reassessment of the
<br />relative predatory threats to small-bodied f shes could
<br />alert agencies to native and nonnative fish abundance
<br />changes that may arise from altered riverine conditions.
<br />As hydrologic and thermal conditions change, the
<br />coupling of rigorous field monitoring and bioenergetics
<br />modeling will be a valuable framework for assisting
<br />managers- in adapting nonnative fish control efforts to
<br />maximize the likelihood of native fish recovery.
<br />Acltttowledgments
<br />We thank Rick Anderson and Lori Martin of the
<br />Colorado Division of Wildlife and Cameron Walford
<br />of Colorado State University. Funding for this study
<br />was provided by the Colorado Division of Wildlife;
<br />Great Outdoors Colorado; and the Upper Colorado
<br />River Endangered Fish Recovery Program. The Upper
<br />Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery Program is
<br />a joint effort of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S.
<br />Bureau of Reclamation; Western Area Power Admin-
<br />istration; states of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming;
<br />upper Colorado River basin water users; environmental
<br />organizations; Colorado River Energy Distributors
<br />Association; and National Park Service.
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