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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:01:47 PM
Creation date
5/22/2009 6:42:35 PM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
9530
Author
Nelson, S. M. and D. C. Andersen
Title
Butterfly (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) Assemblages Associated with Natural, Exotic, and Restored Riarian Habitats along the Lower Colorado River, USA
USFW Year
1999
USFW - Doc Type
Regulated Rivers
Copyright Material
YES
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BUTTERFLY ASSEMBLAGES ALONG THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER <br />7 <br />~-- a I Standard error March a j <br />6 <br />5 ~ 'Mean ~ <br />4 a,c <br />3 ~ b,c <br />2 b b <br />1 ~i b T <br />0 <br />.~, ~ <br />r <br />X 6 a June <br />... 5 <br />~ 4 a b a,b <br />~' T <br />` 3 ~ a,b 1 <br />~ 2 a,b <br />1 b <br />a,b <br />0 <br />O ~ <br />N <br />y 6 August <br />p 5 a <br />~ 4 ~ ~ a.b,c <br />` 3 <br />~ 2 ~ .L <br />~ 1 a,b,c ~ o <br />c <br />-~~ ~ <br />7 <br />6 <br />5 <br />4 <br />3 <br />2 <br />1 <br />0 <br />497 <br />0,~ <br />Sites <br />Figure 6. Nectar resources by season at Colorado River sites. Station codes indicate the year planted. Stations with different letters <br />indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between stations for the given month <br />Although no revegetated site supported a butterfly assemblage similar to that of the BW reference site, <br />several butterfly species occurred at both revegetated and BW sites. Larvae of these species feed on <br />mesquite (L. marina, H. ceraunus, A. palmeri) (Comstock and Dammers, 1932; Emmel and Emmel, 1973; <br />Scott, 1986), saltbush, or quailbrush (Brephidium exile and H. gracielae) (Emmel and Emmel, 1973). <br />Because these plants were historically associated with the Second Bottom, these butterflies were probably <br />also associated with that portion of the floodplain. Butterflies associated with agriculture (e.g., Colias <br />eurytheme) were also found at all sites. Colias eurytheme has probably become more common as a result <br />of river regulation and the associated conversion of riparian forest to agriculture (Stern and Smith, 1960). <br />Butterflies present most years at BW and absent from other sites included Limenitis archippus, <br />Calephelis nemesis, and Junonia coenia. The first two of these are associated with First Bottom trees <br />or shrubs whereas J. coenia feeds on herbaceous vegetation. Nymphalis antiopa, a First Bottom <br />Copyright ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Regal. Riuers: Res. Mgml. 15: 485-504 (1999) <br />
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